Volume 22, Number 1(July 2001)
Titles of research papers/articles alongwith their abstracts.
For full text, please contact to Editor-in-chief at : md@cropresearh.org
1. M. A. TURK [Population density for six-row barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in semi-arid conditions in Jordan]. Crop Res. 22 (1) : 1-3 (2001). Department of Plant Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Jordan University of Science and Technology (JUST), P. O. Box 3030, Irbid, Jordan
ABSTRACT
The study was conducted to determine the optimum plant population for six-row barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) cultivars grown in Jordan. The currently recommended density of 100 kg ha-1 for barley was determined using disused cultivars. Two promising cultivars, Rum, which tillers profusely, and ACSAD 1164, which tillers less, were grown from 80 to 480 seeds m-2 in increment of 80. The optimum plant population for grain yield was 367 seeds m-2. This rate appears to be suitable for a range of genotype adapted to northern Jordan. There was no interaction for yield among cultivars, years and sites. Yield was not related to tillering capacity, as the lower the plant density the more the grains were per spike.
2. M. K. KAUSHIK AND A. K. CHAUBEY [Intercropping studies in Indian mustard (Brassica juncea) under the agro-climatic conditions of mid-western plains of Uttar Pradesh]. Crop Res. 22 (1) : 4-9 (2001). G. B. P. U. A. & I. Research Station, Ujhani-243 639 (U. P.), India
ABSTRACT
An experiment was conducted during winter (rabi) seasons of 1993-94 and 1994-95 to work out productivity and economic association of mustard (Brassica juncea) with different pulses, oil seed and potato (Solanum tuberosum) on loamy sand soils of mid-western plains of Uttar Pradesh. Mustard with potato in 1 : 3 row proportion was found better than either sole crop of mustard or potato in terms of total production and net returns.
3. R. DUTTA, P. K. GOGOI, R. LALRAMHLUNI, A. C. THAKUR AND N. C. DEKA [Effect of levels of lime and potash on production of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)]. Crop Res. 22 (1) : 10-13 (2001). Department of Agronomy, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat-785 013 (Assam), India
ABSTRACT
A field experiment conducted for two years with groundnut variety `AK12-24′ involving three levels of lime and six levels of potash during summer seasons of 1997 and 1998 at Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat revealed that application of 50% lime requirement (50% LR) recorded the highest yield attributes, pod yield, haulm yield and oil yield of groundnut. Significant increase in yield attributes and yield was observed upto 40 kg K2O/ha which was at par with 50 kg K2O/ha.
4. S. S. KUSHWAH, B. M. MAURYA AND R. D. YADAV [Effect of submergence on growth and yield of wheat]. Crop Res. 22 (1) : 14-18 (2001). Zonal Agricultural Research Station, Powarkheda-461 110 Hoshangabad (M. P.), India
ABSTRACT
The experiment on effect of submergence on growth and yield of wheat crop revealed that wheat crop tolerated one day submergence at sowing and two days submergence at CRI, tillering and grain filling stage effectively. The yield reduction due to 1-4 days submergence varied from 5.47-39.43% at sowing, 3.14-29.88% at CRI, 7.42-22.81% at tillering and 1.67-16.78% at grain filling stage. The sowing to crop emergence stage was most sensitive stage for submergence followed by tillering stage. The significant negative response of different duration of submergence on yield and yield attributes had been observed, while yield attributes like tillering, earhead length and grains/earhead had significant positive response on grain yield of wheat.
5. P. S. SENTHIL KUMAR AND K. KUMARASWAMY [Effect of manure-fertilizer schedules on potassium indices in a permanent manurial experiment under rice monoculture]. Crop Res. 22 (1) : 19-24 (2001). Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai-625 104 (Tamil Nadu), India
ABSTRACT
Results of long-term experiment, which is in operation since 1975 under rice monoculture in Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, showed that the removal of K was optimal in the treatments that received any one of the manures alongwith NPK. In the N receiving treatments crop uptake of K exceeded the quantity applied, when the treatments received K either through fertilizer or manure alone. Potassium balance was generally negative even with use of optimal dose of K (with N and P) with or without manures except urban compost combination with fertilizer K and highest negative balance was noted when only N and P were applied and K was omitted. Based on the K availability indices the optimum K balance was found to be 6 kg ha-1 with a maximum K balance of 35 kg ha-1 and was required for maintenance K level of the soil. The optimum fertilizer requirement was found to be 54.12 kg K ha-1 and 48.12 kg K ha-1 was required to attain economic optimum level of yield and to maintain the soil K reserves level. The balance coefficient of 88.9% indicated the need to supply extra dose to K over the dose recommended or used for the requirement of the crop to maintain the soil K nutrient content to ensure that the yield potential is reached with maintenance fertilizer dressing and preventing from depleting the soil K reserves through the K mining by crops.
6. P. V. JEEGADEESWARI, P. S. SENTHIL KUMAR AND K. KUMARASWAMY [Sustenance of soil fertility status of an alfisol under fifteen years of continuous fertilization and cropping of rice]. Crop Res. 22 (1) : 25-28 (2001). Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai-625 104 (Tamil Nadu), India
ABSTRACT
At Madurai, in Agricultural College and Research Institute, a permanent manurial experiment has been in operation since 1975 to study the effects of continuous use of manures and fertilizer schedules on soil fertility and crop productivity. It was found that the manurial treatments helped to bring the soil pH to neutral conditions over the years and organic carbon and exchangeable cations increased with the application of manures and N fertilizers in the soil. There was a build-up in available N, P and K in all the treatments than the control and manuring alongwith fertilizer NPK recommended dose provided the maximum build-up of available nutrients, improvement in soil physical properties and crop yield leading to a sustenance of soil health, soil fertility and soil and crop productivity.
7. J. P. SINGH AND RAMESH PATHAK [Studies on seed production techniques in tropical cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis)]. Crop Res. 22 (1) : 29-31 (2001). Department of Vegetable Science, N. D. University of Agriculture & Technology, Kumarganj, Faizabad (U. P.), India
ABSTRACT
A field experiment was carried out with four treatments comprising two varieties (Pant Subhra and Narendra Gobhi-1) and two levels of curd treatments (scooping and non-scooping). Pant Subhra took more number of days to flower initiation and its maturity. The seed yield was higher in Pant Subhra. The scooped plants reached to maturity prior to non-scooped ones. The seed yield decreased as a result of scooping, but it may be used as an effective method to produce the better bold seed.
8. RAVINDER SINGH, T. R. NANDAL AND Y. R. SHUKLA[Weed intensity and onion bulb yield as influenced by different weed management practices]. Crop Res. 22 (1) : 32-37 (2001). H. P. K. V. Regional Research Station, Dhaulakuan, Sirmor-173 001 (H. P.), India
ABSTRACT
Effect of three herbicides, namely, fluchloralin, oxyfluorfen and pendimethalin at different doses alongwith one hand weeding, two hand weedings, weed free and weedy check on weed spectrum, growth and yield contributing characters of onion crop was studied during 1998-99 and 1999-2000 at Regional Research Station, Dhaulakuan (Himachal Pradesh). The results revealed that minimum weed spectrum intensity at all the stages of the crop growth was recorded in oxyfluorfen applied @ 0.37 kg a. i. ha-1 followed by 0.25 kg a. i. ha-1+hand weeding (HW) at 40 days after transplanting (DAT) and the highest bulb diameter, yield ha-1 as well as net return were obtained in oxyfluorfen applied @ 0.25 kg a. i. ha-1+HW at 40 DAT.
9. RAJENDRA KUMAR, M. P. PATEL, U. S. BOSE AND S. K. TRIPATHI [Physico-chemical studies of some important mango varieties of Madhya Pradesh]. Crop Res. 22 (1) : 38-42 (2001). J. N. K. V. V. College of Agriculture, Rewa-486 001 (M. P.), India
ABSTRACT
An attempt was made to study the physico-chemical characteristics and yield traits for evaluation of some mango varieties of JNKVV Agricultural Research Station, Rewa (M. P.) during 1998-99. Significant variation on chemical components and yield traits of various mango varieties were recorded. Dashehari possessed high content of total sugar (21.20%) and total soluble solids (25.75%), whereas Langra variety possessed maximum reducing sugar (6.30%). Specific gravity of fruits was found to be positively associated with the stone and peel percentage and negatively correlated with pulp percentage. Positive correlations were observed between the non-reducing sugar, total sugar and total soluble solids. The total sugars were positively associated with the total soluble solids but it had negative association with acidity.
10. PURNIMA DAS AND S. K. DUTTA [Relationship of infestation and fecundity of Nacoleia vulgalis Guen and Aphis craccivora Koch with phosphorus and potassium contents of green gram leaf]. Crop Res. 22 (1) : 43-48 (2001). Department of Entomology, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat-785 013 (Assam), India
ABSTRACT
Infestation and fecundity of Nacoleia vulgalis Guen and Aphis craccivora Koch were recorded on 11 green gram varieties in field and laboratory experiments in order to find out their relationship with phosphorus and potassium contents of the varieties. Among these varieties, Kopergaon and PMB-14 appeared to be least favourable for both these insects based on infestation and fecundity data. The K levels of the leaves of these two varieties were found to be comparatively high. K content of leaves exhibited significant negative correlation with incidence (r= -0.6424, P=0.05) and fecundity (r= -0.6055, P=0.05) of N. vulgalis and with population density (r= -0.6858, P=0.05) of A. craccivora. P content of leaves did not exhibit any significant relationship with infestation and fecundity of these insects.
11. K. R. LATHA AND N. SUBBARAMAN [Contribution of weather variables to component crops x environmental interaction in cropping systems]. Crop Res. 22 (1) : 49-53 (2001). TNAU Regional Research Station, Aruppukottai (Tamil Nadu), India
ABSTRACT
Identification of weather variables that contribute the most to component crops x treatment interaction in intercropping may help agronomists to understand the pattern of interactions. In the present investigation, the contribution of environmental index and several weather parameters including rainfall, maximum and minimum temperatures, relative humidity (morning and evening), sunshine hours, evaporation and wind velocity to component crops x treatment interaction in the selected cropping systems were estimated. Yield means of five cropping systems and four levels of fertilizers grown during rabi seasons of 1994-95, 1995-96 and 1996-97 at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University Regional Research Station, Aruppukottai, India were used in the study. Treatment x environment partitioning indicated that the following treatments viz., sorghum+cowpea at N80 : P40 kg/ha sole sorghum at N60 : P30 and N80 : P40 kg/ha levels, maize+cowpea at N60 : P30 and N80 : P40 levels, sole maize at N40 : P20 kg/ha, N60 : P30 and N80 : P40 kg/ha levels were less influenced by the changes in the environment. However, the treatments viz., sorghum+cowpea at N80 : P40 kg/ha level (s22), sole sorghum at N60 : P30 kg/ha level (s112) and at N80 : P40 kg/ha level (s122) were able to withstand the vagaries of monsoon and gave high grain yield. The overall perusal of the cropping systems suggested that s42 (sorghum+cowpea at N80 : P40 kg/ha), s112 (sole sorghum at N60 : P30 kg/ha level) and s122 (sole sorghum at N80 : P40 kg/ha level) were the best treatments.
12. S. M. PATIL, R. W. PATIL AND D. J. JIOTODE [Monsoon efficacy study through moisture availability indices in different soils at Akola (M. S.) during 1997-98_A case study]. Crop Res. 22 (1) : 54-59 (2001). Department of Agronomy, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola (M. S.), India
ABSTRACT
In order to justify the crop performance during 1997-98 at Akola (Maharashtra), the well known tool `Moisture Available Indices’ was employed to various crops grown in different soil types, as a case study. The monsoon rains and further winter rains, even though it is not a characteristic feature at Akola, did lot of damage to the field crops. Short duration crops were adversely affected by moderate stress of soil moisture (MAI below 50%) in 32nd Met. week (6-12 August) followed by increased stress in 33rd Met. week (13-19 August) when crops were in vegetative/flowering stage. During 34th Met. week (20-26 August) and 38th Met. week (17-23 September) though the crops had adequate soil moisture supply (MAI_100%) but the crop evapotranspired lesser amount of water values. This resulted in yellowing of the crops and dropping of the flowers/pods in flowering/earlier reproduction stages of Tur, cotton, etc. in all types of soils. In 45 and 46 Met. week (5-18 November) crops suffered from moderate stress reaching to the serve condition with MAI ranging from 39 to 30% in various soils reaching to wilting condition in sandy soil with MAI 13% only, had adverse effect on grain development in cereals like sorghum and adverse effect on boll development in cotton. Heavy rains in 47th to 49th Met. weeks during 19 Nov. to 9 December repeated the similar weather condition to the crops as in 34th and 38th met. weeks which resulted in severe damage to sorghum and opened bolls of cotton and also rottening of bolls/shedding of late appeared squares and flowers. Latter it was followed by severe stress in reproductive stage of kharif crops.
13. R. W. PATIL, S. M. PATIL AND D. J. JIOTODE [Evapotranspiration studies on soybean (PKV-1)]. Crop Res. 22 (1) : 60-62 (2001). Department of Agronomy, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola-444 104 (M. S.), India
ABSTRACT
Lysimetric studies on evapotranspiration (ET), corresponding USWB open pan evaporation (EP) and relative water use rate (ET/EP ratio) of soybean (PKV-1) conducted during 1995-96 to 1997-98 at University Farm, Department of Agronomy, Dr. PDKV, Akola indicated that the relative water use rate (ET/EP) was highest (1.33) during pod formation to grain formation and grain formation to pod development stages with evapotranspiration rate of 5.75 and 6.09 mm day-1, respectively. It was followed by pod development and seed development stages with respective water use rate 1.13 and 1.09 mm day-1 and evapotranspiration rate as 4.70 and 5.15 mm day-1. It was concluded that soybean (PKV-1) was more sensitive to soil moisture during the phenophases flowering to pod development.
14. R. S. SHUKLA, Y. MISHRA AND G. S. RAWAT [Genetic analysis for screening of high temperature and moisture stress tolerance attributes in wheat (Triticum aestivum)]. Crop Res. 22 (1) : 63-67 (2001). Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, J. N. Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur-482 004 (M. P.), India
ABSTRACT
Genetic analysis of 28 diverse genotypes in wheat was studied for high temperature and moisture stress tolerant characters under laboratory and field conditions (under three dates of sowing). The data from laboratory studies for different temperature regimes revealed the existence of high amount of genetic variability for seedling dry weight and coleoptile length, while germination percentage and shoot length had the lowest. Genetic coefficient of variation for almost all the characters was lower in different moisture regimes. Field observations indicated that characters like ear length and spike density possessed high heritability and high genetic advance in all the three dates of sowing.
15. A. R. SEHRAWAT, SANJOGTA UPPAL AND ANITA PUNIA [In vitro culture and multiplication of Rauwolfia serpentina_A threatened medicinal plant]. Crop Res. 22 (1) : 68-71 (2001). Department of Genetics, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125 004, India
The effects of different combinations of plant growth regulators on callus induction and formation of multiple shoots from various explants of Rauwolfia serpentina were studied. Maximum callus induction (91.66%) was found on MS basal medium containing 2, 4-D (2.0 mg/l) and BAP (0.2 mg/l) when leaf was the explant. Callus growth could be improved with adequate concentrations of auxin and cytokinin to MS medium without the addition of casein hydrolysate, coconut milk and yeast extract. Multiple shoots (2-4) were induced from the shoot apices and nodal segments on MS medium supplemented with BAP and NAA. A substantial positive correlation between biomass and crude alkaloid fraction (CAF) indicated an increase in alkaloid accumulation. Medium optimization may thus lead to enhancement of tissue culture response and alkaloid contents of sarpagandha.
16. R. MANIMARAN AND T. S. RAVEENDRAN [Relationship between genetic diversity and heterosis in cotton]. Crop Res. 22 (1) : 72-77 (2001). Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641 003, India
Investigation of the genetic diversity, as related to expression of heterosis, was taken up using 19 genotypes of Gossypium hirsutum, 10 genotypes of G. barbadense, 49 intra hirsutum hybrids and 21 interspecific hybrids (hirsutum x barbadense) generated from selected parents. Seventeen hybrids were heterotic among the 70 hybrids evaluated.
17. P. CHAKRABORTI AND A. K. BASU [Combining ability in sesame under alluvial and salt stress with special reference to yield]. Crop Res. 22 (1) : 78-84 (2001). Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur (West Bengal), India
ABSTRACT
The nature of combining ability in yield and its attributes with oil content in a full diallel set of nine salt tolerant sesame lines was studied in both normal as well as saline belt. The gca and sca mean squares were highly significant in most of the cases indicating a preponderance of additive and non-additive gene effects. In major cases, the good general combiners were involved in producing best specific combiners for the characters studied. It may also be mentioned that R 9, HT 1, IET 2 and RT 4 provided adequate genetic background for restructuring of genotypes with a view to diversification of varieties not only for salt tolerance but also for higher productivity.
18. P. VENKATARAMANA, P. S. FATHIMA, N. JANAKIRAMAN AND M. N. NARASIMHAREDDY [Divergence analysis in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) germplasm over environments]. Crop Res. 22 (1) : 85-89 (2001). Agricultural Research Station, Chintamani-563 125, Kolar District (Karnataka), India
ABSTRACT
Genetic divergence (D2 statistics) among 144 germplasm accessions of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) obtained from different eco-graphical regions over two environments indicated the existence of considerable diversity. the germplasm accessions were grouped into six clusters each in both environments. Cluster I was the largest and consisted of 67 (E1) and 98 (E2) followed by cluster II which consisted of 30 (E1) and 28 (E2) and cluster III with 26 (E1) and 11 (E2). Maximum intra-cluster values were observed in cluster V (191.83) followed by cluster III (133.93) and cluster I (131.81) in E1 and cluster V (230.67) followed by cluster IV (90.68) and cluster I (70.84) in E2, revealing some intra-cluster diversity. Maximum inter-cluster D2 values were observed between clusters III and VI (699.86 and 1390.23) in E1 and E2, respectively, indicating that the genotypes included in these clusters had maximum divergence. The diversity among the genotypes measured by inter-cluster distance was adequate for improvement of groundnut by hybridization and selection.
19. P. VENKATARAMANA, N. JANAKIRAMAN AND V. L. MADHUPRASAD [Studies on genotype x environment interaction for oil content and its component characters in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)]. Crop Res. 22 (1) : 90-93 (2001). Agricultural Research Station, Chintamani-563 125, Kolar District (Karnataka), India
Thirty diverse groundnut genotypes were evaluated for genotype x environment interaction for shelling per cent, 100-kernel weight, sound matured kernel per cent and oil content over three environments. Genotype x environment interaction was significant for all the traits studied. Both linear and non-linear components accounted for observed variability for all the characters; the magnitude of the former being greater than the later. For shelling per cent, the genotypes ICGV-86564 and HNG-34 were stable for above average environments (bi>1). JSSP-6 and ICG (FDR) S-10 for 100-kernel weight and HNG-34 for sound matured kernel per cent were the most responsive genotypes for all the environments with unit regression (bi=1). The genotypes TNAU-93, ICGV-86590 and Bagepalli local with high mean values for oil content had below average response (bi<1) and were found stable for poor environments.
20. V. R. K. REDDY [Character association in hexaploid triticale]. Crop Res. 22 (1) : 94-98 (2001). Cytogenetics Laboratory, Department of Botany, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore-641 046, India
The correlation studies, involving 18 quantitative characters recorded in 50 hexaploid triticale strains, revealed that plant height, tillers per plant, spike length, spikelets per ear, grains per spike, 1000-grain weight, grain plumpness and grain hardiness were found to be positively correlated with grain yield. The trait days to heading exhibited significant positive correlations with the traits days to flowering and days to maturity. Spikelets per ear had positive correlation with grains per spike. Harvest index exhibited negative correlation with protein content. Days to heading, days to flowering, days to maturity and harvest index were significantly negatively correlated with grain yield. Significant negative correlations were noticed between the traits plant height, tillers/plant, spikes per 0.5 m2 and spike length. There was also positive correlation between flag leaf area, general leaf area and 1000-grain weight.
21. J. P. SINGH AND R. S. TIWARI [Phenotypic stability for yield and yield components in garlic (Allium sativum L.) cultivars]. Crop Res. 22 (1) : 99-101 (2001). Department of Vegetable Science, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar-263 145 (Uttaranchal), India
An experiment was conducted during the rabi season of 1994-99 to study the yield and yield attributing characters of 17 genotypes of garlic under irrigated conditions. There was significant variation for genotypes number of cloves per bulb, diameter and weight of bulb and yield. LG-1 gave the highest bulb yield (86 q/ha), followed by PUG-1 (84 q/ha) and G-282 (80 q/ha). LG-1, PGS-11, PGS-4 and PUG-1 showed stability for yield and yield attributing factors.
22. V. KALLA, R. KUMAR AND A. K. BASANDRAI [Combining ability analysis and gene action estimates of yield and yield contributing characters in maize (Zea mays L.)]. Crop Res. 22 (1) : 102-106 (2001). H. P. K. V. Regional Research Station, Dhaulakuan (H. P.), India
Combining ability studies were conducted on grain yield and yield contributing characters in a 8 x 8 half-diallel in maize. Both additive and non-additive gene actions were found important for 1000-grain weight, kernel rows per ear, grains per ear, ear girth and ear length with non-additive gene action being predominant for ear length and 1000-grain weight. Non-additive gene action was important for grain yield per plant. Inbreds DKI-144 and DKI-137-A were observed to be good general combiners for grain yield per plant. Estimates of sca effects helped to identify crosses DKI-129 x DKI-162, DKI-129 x DKI-137-A and DKI-162 x DKI-160 having significant positive sca effects for yield and most of the yield contributing characters studied. Estimation of genetic components showed additive (D) and dominance (H1) components to be significant for grains per ear. Dominance component (H1) was significant for grain yield per plant, grains per ear and 1000-grain weight. Heritability in narrow sense was high for grains per ear, medium for grain yield per plant, ear length and kernel rows; and low for ear girth and 1000-grain weight.
23. H. O. BHUSHANA, R. S. KULKARNI, D. BASAVARAJAIAH, B. H. Halaswamy and g. k. halesh [Correlation and path analysis for fruit quality traits on fruit yield in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)]. Crop Res. 22 (1) : 107-109 (2001). Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore-560 065 (Karnataka), India
Sixty genotypes of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) were evaluated during summer season of 1997 to furnish the information on the nature of association among different quality traits and their direct and indirect contribution towards fruit yield. There was a positive and significant association of fruit yield per plant with total soluble solids (T. S. S.), vitamin-C and pH. Path coefficient analysis revealed that the direct effects via average fruit weight were substantial, where the direct effects via T. S. S., vitamin-C and pH were positive with low magnitude. Hence, it would be worth laying stress on average fruit weight while formulating selection programme in tomato.
24. R. P. SHARMA, R. C. DADHEECH AND A. K. VYAS [Correlation and regression analysis in sorghum and weeds as influenced by weed control and nitrogen levels]. Crop Res. 22 (1) : 110-112 (2001). Department of Agronomy, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Udaipur-313 001 (Rajasthan), India
A field experiment was carried out during rainy season (kharif) of 1996-97 at Agronomy Farm, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Udaipur to study the effect of chemical weed control and nitrogen levels on sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L.) production. Results indicated that grain yield of sorghum was significant and negatively correlated with all the weed parameters except weed control efficiency, while it was positively correlated with all the crop parameters. Similarly, regression analysis revealed that there was a negative linear relationship between weed dry weight and sorghum grain yield. The grain yield reduced by 3.10 kg/ha with every one gram increase in weed dry weight per square meter. The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium depletion by weeds reduced the grain yield of sorghum by 31.6, 79.97 and 28.32 kg/ha, respectively.
25. SANJEEV SINGH, J. SINGH AND R. K. SINGH [Gamma ray, EMS and sodium azide induced effectiveness and efficiency of chlorophyll mutations in basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.)]. Crop Res. 22 (1) : 113-120 (2001). Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221 005 (U. P.), India
The effectiveness and efficiency of gamma ray, EMS, sodium azide alone or in combination in relation to chlorophyll mutations in two varieties of Basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.) in M2 generation were studied. The chlorophyll mutations were induced by all the doses of mutagens alone or in combination relatively at a fair frequency in both the varieties in M2 generation. In general, it was found that combination treatments of gamma rays and EMS were observed to be more efficient in Taraori Basmati, while EMS alone and combination treatment of gamma rays and EMS were more efficient in Pusa Basmati 1 on sterility and growth injury basis both. Sodium azide at 0.5 mM was found as the most effective dose in both Taraori Basmati and Pusa Basmati 1 cultivars.
26. C. KOLE AND J. PANIGRAHI [Vigna glabrescens_a natural allopolyploid of V. radiata and V. umbellata : Evidences from seed protein electrophoresis]. Crop Res. 22 (1) : 122-128 (2001). Laboratory of Molecular Biology & Biotechnology, Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar-751 003 (Orissa), India
Electrophoretic analysis of seed albumins and globulins from six Vigna species including V. radiata, V. umbellata, V. trilobata, V. mungo, V. radiata var. sublobata and V. glabrescens, and four synthetic allopolyploids involving the former four species resulted in 20 albumin and 16 globulin polypeptides. Similarity index (SI) values computed on the basis of electrophoretic banding patterns of allbumins and globulins jointly revealed V. glabrescens to be closest (SI 84.8%) to the synthetic allopolyploid between V. radiata and V. umbellata. Dendrogram analysis also exhibited the grouping of V. glabrescens with only this synthetic allopolyploid in the same cluster. V. glabrescens inherited all its 17 albumin bands and 14 of the 15 globulin bands from V. radiata and/or V. umbellata. On the basis of SI values, it was closest to V. radiata (78.8%) followed by V. umbellata (63.6%). Results from the present study substantiated the hypothesis that V. glabrescens had originated through natural allopolyploidization involving V. radiata and V. umbellata.
27. MANJEET SINGH NAIN AND R. N. TRIKHA [Analysis of content and coverage of farm information by the farm magazine `Haryana kheti’]. Crop Res. 22 (1) : 129-133 (2001). Krishi Vigyan Kendra, SKUAST, Leh-194 101 (J & K), India
As India celebrated its 50th anniversary of its independence, eminent international and Indian scholars engaged themselves in collective search for new development paradigms for the next millennium against the backdrop of 50 years of development and its impact on the society at large. Today India is fastly closing the gap with the developed world on the new frontiers of science and technology alongwith the burden of the world’s largest number of illiterates. The vital role of mass media is well conceived universally because of its immense potential to cater to the needs of masses. With the increased literacy level the print medium has gained unprecedented role in information dissemination. It is clear from the fact that today newspapers circulation crosses over 7.2 crore against only two lakhs in 1947.
28. VIRENDER SARDANA [Effect of different doses of nutrients on the yield and mottling incidence of durum wheat (Triticum durum Desf.)]. Crop Res. 22 (1) : 134-137 (2001). P. A. U. Regional Research Station, Gurdaspur-143 521 (Punjab), India
Field investigations comprising 12 treatments were conducted in randomised complete block design for two winter seasons to study the influence of graded doses of nutrients on the grain yield and grain mottling incidence of durum wheat. Results revealed that application of 150 : 60 : 60 : 25 kg/ha of N : P2O5 : K2O : ZnSO4 on an average produced the maximum grain yield (37.4 q/ha) which was at par with the grain yield (35.4 q/ha) obtained with application of 150 : 60 : 30 : 25 kg/ha N : P2O5 : K2O : ZnSO4, whereas application of nitrogen (120-150 kg/ha) and phosphorus (60 kg P2O5/ha) only resulted in the lowest grain yield (29.1 q/ha). However, effect of different levels of nutrients on the incidence of grain mottling was not significant.
29. M. BORAH, A. BASIT AND R. K. NATH [Effect of certain insecticides on the parasitisation and emergence of the egg parasitoid, Trichogramma japonicum Ashmead]. Crop Res. 22 (1) : 138-140 (2001). Department of Entomology, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat-785 013 (Assam), India
The effect of 11 insecticides on the parasitisation and emergence of Trichogramma japonicum Ashmead adults from parasitised eggs of Corcyra cephalonica Stainton was studied in the laboratory. Quinalphos completely inhibited parasitism hence no emergence was recorded. But in general the chemical pesticides inhibited parasitism ranging from 70-100% and also affected the emergence of adult parasitoids. However, fenvalerate and monocrotophos were comparatively less toxic. Of all the insecticides tested, Biolep and Bioasp were relatively safe to T. japonicum.