Volume 20, No. 3 (September, 2019)

1. H. L. NGUYEN AND D. H. TRAN* [Performance of salt-tolerant rice cultivars under different soil salinity levels in Central Vietnam]. Res. on Crops 20 (3) : 461-467 (2019). Faculty of Agronomy University of Agriculture and Forestry Hue University, 102 Phung Hung Street, Hue City, Vietnam *(e-mail : tdanghoa@hueuni.edu.vn)

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to determine the effects of different soil salinity levels on the agronimic traits and yield of four newly introduced salt-tolerant rice cultivars in the Thua Thien Hue province, Central Vietnam. Three field experiments were conducted in 2018 summer-autumn crop season at three locations with different soil salinity levels of EC 4.1, 6.4 and 9.0 dS/m. Yield per plant and some agronomic traits including of plant height, panicle length and number of filled grains per panicle were measured. The cultivars of MNR3, OM5629 and OM2395 showed significantly higher yield per plant than that of the commonly used cultivar KD. As soil salinity increased from 4.1 to 6.4 dS/m, 6.4 to 9.0 dS/m, and 4.1 to 9.0 dS/m, yield per plant decreased 18.2, 16.0 and 31.3%, respectively. Therefore, it could be concluded that these cultivars were suitable for cultivation on saline soils in the summer–autumn crop season at soil with EC6.4 dS/m in Central Vietnam.

2. MUKIL MADHUSUDANAN, KULDEEP SINGH* AND NALEENI RAMAWAT [Evaluation of the effectiveness of zinc oxide nano particles on growth and yield of rice (Oryza sativa L.)]. Res. on Crops 20 (3) : 468-476 (2019). 1Amity Centre for Soil Sciences Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida-201 313, India *(e-mail : ksingh6@amity.edu)

ABSTRACT

With increase in zinc deficiency in soils and plants and lower efficiency of conventional fertilizers, nanoscale zinc fertilizers holds a promising future in the agricultural sector. Nanomaterials due to their small size and better bioavailability can be an efficient source of fertilizer and can supply essential nutrients for plant growth. Laboratory, pot culture and field experiments were carried out in kharif season of 2018 using rice as test crop to evaluate the effectiveness of seed coating, soil and foliar application of zinc oxide nano particles on growth traits, zinc concentration and yield. Different concentrations of ZnO NPs (30-100 nm) and bulk ZnSO4 were used for the study. Observations indicated that in lab study, application of nano ZnO improved seed germination (44.0%), seedling growth (16.9%) and seedling vigour index. In pot culture experiment, soil application had positive impact on root (26.8%) and shoot length (15.2%), chlorophyll content (10.7%), root and shoot dry matter yield, grain zinc concentration (8.0%), grain yield (9.9%) and straw yield (28.2%) over control (no zinc). Whereas on foliar applications under field conditions, grain yield and grain zinc concentration improved by (7.6%) and (75.2%) over control and (0.7%), (16.0%) over ZnSO4, respectively. Application of ZnO NPs at relatively lower doses showed positive effects on rice crop and increased grain zinc concentration significantly. There is a possibility of reducing the dose of Zn fertilizer by using ZnO NPs instead of bulk ZnSO4.

3. DIKSHA DOGRA* [Cell wall constituents of grains and leaves of common buckwheat grown in dry temperate climatic conditions]. Res. on Crops 20 (3) : 477-482 (2019). Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062 (H. P.) India *(e-mail : drdikshadogra@gmail.com)

ABSTRACT

Buckwheat originated from China and is being cultivated all over the world. Among the pseudocereals (amaranthus, buckwheat and quinoa), buckwheat plants economically important due to carbohydrates and protein rich grains, short growth span; besides foliage being used as a green vegetable and commercial source of the glycoside rutin are used in medicine. In the present study, an attempt was made to evaluate the cell wall constituents of promising leaves and grain genotypes of common buckwheat grown in sangla region by following standard procedure. Wide variation in cellulose, hemicellulose, acid detergent lignin, acid detergent fibre and neutral detergent fibre were observed to range from 8.1 to 13.9%, 10.7 to 22.2%, 9.9 to 13.9%, 18.1 to 24.9% and 31.4 to 44.0% in grains, whereas 13.1 to 17.2%,12.4 to 17.5%,6.3 to 9.0%,19.8 to 23.8% and 35.8 to 38.0% in that order in leaves. Thus, nutrient variation observed will be useful in designing strategies that maximize the utilization of buckwheat crop as forage.

4. Ghaid J. Al-Rabadi*, Saddam A. Al-Dalain2, Mustafa S. Al-Rawashdeh, Mohamed AL-Nawaiseh, Adel H. Abdel-Ghani, Rasha Aldmour, Khalid Al-Abbsi and Farah Al-Nasir [Proline and agronomic production responses of different barley cultivars to salinity stress : A correlation analysis]. Res. on Crops 20 (3) : 483-487 (2019). 1Department of Animal Production Faculty of Agriculture, Mutah University, Mutah, Karak, 61710, Jordan *(e-mail : ghaid.rabadi@mutah.edu.jo)

ABSTRACT

Salinity affects crop growth and development, and markedly leads to observable losses in agronomic yield. Barley is considered as an excellent model crop for the prediction of crop response to climate change and as a salt tolerance crop. The main objective of this study was to identify the correlation magnitude (r) between salt stress level and both agronomic parameters and proline accumulation in barley leaves. Twenty-eight barley genotypes were exposed to salt stress, ranging from 0.85 to 16 dS/m. This simple approach will help agronomist and farmers to predict plant response under different soil salinity levels. The following agronomic parameters were recorded : proline accumulation (mg/kg), plant height (cm), grain yield (g/plant), harvest index (%), biological yield (g/plant) and straw yield (g/plant). For the purpose of data fitting and simplicity, a simple linear regression analysis was used. The results of this study showed that agronomic parameters in barley had moderate to strong correlation coefficients ranging from 0.67 to 0.98. Reduction rates in agronomic parameters were 0.799 cm, 0.079 g/plant, 0.007%, 0.67 g/plant and 0.036 g/plant per one dS/m increment of salt stress on plant height, grain yield, harvest index (%), biological yield and straw yield, respectively. This study also showed that per one unit increase of water salinity, proline accumulation increased by 1.49 mg/kg. It can be concluded from this study and under the current growing conditions, agronomic parameters and proline accumulation in examined barley genotypes are well correlated with increasing the level of salt stress.

5. Seung Kyu LEE* and Truong An DANG** [Influence of climate variability on corn water requirement : A case study of Binh Thuan Province, Vietnam]. Res. on Crops 20 (3) : 488-494 (2019). 1Sustainable Management of Natural Resources and Environment Research Group Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University 19, Nguyen Huu Tho Str., Tan Phong Ward, Dist. 7, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (e-mail : *leesungkyu@tdtu.edu.vn; **dtan@hcmus.edu.vn)

ABSTRACT

The study was conducted to estimate the potential impacts of climate variability (ICV) on corn water requirement in Binh Thuan Province, Vietnam. Current meteorological data (2000-15) at study area were obtained from Vietnam Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (VMNRE), while the future climate data were derived from the future climate projections of six global circulation models (ECHAM5, CCSM, HadCM3, CSIROMK3.0, CGCM3.1 and MIROC3.2) applying the bias-correction method based on power law transformation for two future time scales (2020s and 2055s) of Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) 4.5 emission scenario. The results showed that under the impacts of climate variability both three corn crops needed more water than in the stage of 2016-35, while the stage of 2046-65 and 2080-99, a slight downward trend recorded for both three corn crops. Results implied that a significant increase in rainfall trend under the impacts of climate variability led to the decline in the corn water requirement for three corn crops across the study area in the stage 2016-35. In general, the high increase in the rainfall volume can led to a decline of the corn water requirement down to 30% in the stage 2016-35 of RCP4.5 scenario compared to baseline.

6. A. T. Ajibola* and G. O. Kolawole [Nutrient management in maize-sesame intercropping system]. Res. on Crops 20 (3) : 495-500 (2019). 1Department of Crop Production and Soil Science Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria *(e-mail : toopeshow@gmail.com)

ABSTRACT

Two field experiments were conducted in early cropping season of 2015 at the Teaching and Research Farm, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria and at Onitinrin village, about 15 kilometres away, to evaluate the effect of organic, inorganic fertilizer and their combinations on the growth and yield performance of maize and sesame intercrop and to determine the appropriate combination rates of organic-based fertilizer and inorganic fertilizer for sustainable high crop yields of maize and sesame intercrop grown in the Sothern Guinea Savannah Agro-ecological Zone of Nigeria. The treatments consisted of different percentages of tithonia compost and inorganic fertilizer applied in combinations or alone, laid out in a randomized complete block design and replicated three times. Generally, significantly higher maize yield was obtained in treated plots than control. Sesame yield from T3–50 kg N/ha (from urea fertilizer)+197.5 kg N/ha (from tithonia compost) and T5–75 kg N/ha (from urea fertilizer)+98.75 kg N/ha (from tithonia compost) applied plots was significantly higher (P<0.05) than the others in Onitinrin village. For maize/sesame intercrop at Teaching and Research Farm, any of the fertilizer treatment combinations can be applied.

7. Raghad Kataran Hassan* and Ahmed Mohamed Lehmood [Effect of spraying time and concentration of liquid fertilizer on the growth and yield of broad bean (Vicia faba L.)]. Res. on Crops 20 (3) : 501-506 (2019). 1Department of Plant Production Technology AL Furat AL-Awsat Technical University Technical College of AL Mussaib, Iraq *(e-mail : kadhimknasir@gmail.com)

ABSTRACT

A field experiment was conducted in autumn season of 2018-19 at farmers’ field in Azzawi area of Babil province in Iraq. The experiment was conducted in split-split plot randomized complete block design. The treatment combinations consisting of two broad bean varieties viz., V1 (LUZ De Otono) and V2 (Aqaudulce), three dates of liquid fertilizer spray i. e. D1 (15th November, 2018), D2 (15th December, 2018) and D3 (15th January, 2019) and three concentrations of liquid fertilizers i. e. F0 (No spray, control), F1 (10 mg/l) and F2 (20 mg/l) were allotted in experimental plots with complete randomization. The growth and yield parameters of faba bean were significantly affected by varieties, liquid fertilizer application time and concentration. The number of pods per plant significantly increased from 15.73 under F0 treatment of liquid fertilizer spray concentration to 27.22 pods per plant under F3 spray concentration. The weight of 100 seeds significantly increased from 52.43 g in V2 variety under F0 treatment of liquid fertilizer spray concentration to 85.17 g under F2 treatment in V1 variety. The seed yield per plant significantly increased from 47.63 g under F0 liquid fertilizer spray concentration to 59.49 g under F3 treatment. The protein content in seed of faba bean significantly increased from 22.91% under F0 liquid fertilizer spray concentration to 23.71% under F2 treatment. On the basis of these results, it is recommended that faba bean variety LUZ De Otono can be grown successfully in Azzawi area of Babil province in Iraq.

8. A. T. Ajibola* AND O. S. Olabode [Optimum weeding and agronomic traits of five varieties of Sesame indicum L.]. Res. on Crops 20 (3) : 507-514 (2019). 1Department of Crop Production and Soil Science Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria *(e-mail : toopeshow@gmail.com)

ABSTRACT

Field experiments were conducted during 2015-16 at the Teaching and Research Farm, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology, Ogbomoso, Nigeria to determine the appropriate weeding regimes and agronomic traits in five selected varieties of sesame. Five weeding regimes : no weeding (control), weeding once (at 3 weeks after planting), two weedings (at 3 and 6 weeks after planting), three weedings (at 3, 6 and 9 weeks after planting) and weed free were imposed on five sesame varieties, namely, NCRI BEN-01M (01M), NCRI BEN-02M (02M), NCRI BEN-03L (03L), E-8 and Exotic-sudan (EX) in a split plot arrangement laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) and replicated three times. Weeding regime significantly affected the plant growth parameters, number of pods and seed yield of the sesame varieties. Across the five sesame varieties, uncontrolled weeds led to an average of 49% yield reduction, however, 02 M variety exhibited the least tolerance to weed infestation (60% reduction), while other varieties had almost similar values. Seed yield under treatment of two weedings (350.86 kg/ha) or three weedings (413.41 kg/ha) was comparable to those of weed free (411.28 kg/ha) across the varieties in two years. In conclusion, weeding two times was adequate for optimum seed yield production. Growers can successfully cultivate sesame varieties NCRI BEN-01M, NCRI BEN-03L or E-8.

9. Basant Kumar, Narayan chandra Sarkar*, Shrabanti Maity and Ratikanta Maiti [Effect of different levels of sulphur and boron on the growth and yield of sesame under red-laterite soils]. Res. on Crops 20 (3) : 515-524 (2019). 1Department of Agronomy Institute of Agriculture, Visva-Bharati, PO- Sriniketan District Birbhum-731 236 (West Bengal), India *(e-mail : narayanchandra.sarkar@visva-bharati.ac.in)

ABSTRACT

The field experiments were conducted during both the summer (February-June) seasons of 2016 and 2017 at the Agricultural Farm of the Institute of Agriculture, Visva-Bharati, Sriniketan, West Bengal, India. The objective was to study the effect of sulphur and boron nutrition on growth and productivity of summer sesame. The experiment comprising two factors; four levels of sulphur (viz., 0, 15, 30 and 45 kg/ha) and two levels of boron (viz., 0 and 0.15% foliar spray) having eight treatment combinations was laid out in a factorial randomized block design with three replications. From the experimental findings, it revealed that the treatment sulphur @ 45 kg/ha performed best in influencing almost all the growth attributes, yield attributes, nutrient uptake and oil content. The treatment 0.15% foliar spray of boron also recorded significantly (P<0.05) higher growth attributes, yield attributes and oil content. The treatment combination of sulphur @ 45 kg/ha with 0.15% boron was found significant in recording higher values of growth and yield attributes and yield of sesame. Thus, the combination sulphur @ 45 kg/ha with 0.15% boron appeared to be the most promising combination influencing higher growth and productivity of sesame.

10. Harvinder raj Singh and Amarjeet Kaur* [Effect of pruning intensity and time on yield and quality of guava cv. L-49]. Res. on Crops 20 (3) : 525-530 (2019). Department of Horticulture Khalsa College, Amritsar-143 001 (Punjab), India *(e-mail : dr.amarjitkaur30@gmail.com)

ABSTRACT

The present investigation was conducted in the guava orchard of Department of Horticulture, Khalsa College, Amritsar during the year 2018-19 to study the effect of pruning intensity and time on yield and quality of winter guava cv. L-49. Different pruning levels and time of pruning viz., pruning of 10, 20 and 30 cm of apical shoots during 30th April, 15th May, 30th May and 15th June comprised the treatment combinations. The experiment was laid out in factorial randomized block design. The results of the study revealed that among the various pruning treatments the pruning of 30 cm of apical shoots on 15 May proved to be the best in increasing the yield and yield attributes in terms of number of fruits per tree and also fruit size, weight and yield. It also improved the fruit quality by increasing TSS, sugars, ascorbic acid and pectin content of guava fruits. Hence, the pruning of 30 cm of apical shoots during mid May can be recommended for commercial fruit production with enhanced yield and good quality in guava cv. L-49.

11. Lily Bell Ch. Marak and Lolly S. Pereira* [Relationship between soil microbes and plant pathogens of Ziziphus zizyphus in Nokrek biosphere reserve of Garo hills of Meghalaya]. Res. on Crops 20 (3) : 531-536 (2019). Department of Rural Development and Agricultural Production North-Eastern Hill University, Tura Campus,Tura-794 002 (Meghalaya), India *(e-mail : drlollysp@gmail.com)

ABSTRACT

Wild Indian plum (Ziziphus zizyphus), locally known as ‘angkil’, is a rich source of vitamin C and contains minerals and proteins. The ripe fruits are mostly consumed fresh. Processed products like candy, pickle, chutney and jelly are also prepared from fruits. The young plants are used for making hedges and leaves are used as fodder. The objective of the study was to identify the disease causing pathogens in Z. zizyphus and soil microbes inhabiting the rhizosphere of this plant in the three zones of Nokrek Biosphere Reserve, as well as to assess the relationship between soil microbes and occurrence of plant pathogens. Eight diseases caused by fungal pathogens and one disease caused by algae were observed. Change in zone showed significant influence on occurrence of plant pathogens. Occurrence of soil microbes in the rhizosphere was significantly influenced by change in soil depth and season. Soil microbes were found to be more in top soil than subsoil. Soil microbes Fusarium oxysporum and Phytophthora palmivora inhabiting the rhizosphere of Z. zizyphus at 0-15 cm soil depth had a significant positive association with plant pathogens, Colletotrichum acutatum, Cercospora ziziphii and Cladosporium ziziphii while exerting an antagonistic effect on pathogens like Oidium erysiphoides, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Alternaria alternata. Soil microbe Penicillium terrestre at 0-15 cm soil depth showed significant association with pathogens O. erysiphoides and C. gloeosporioides. Soil microbes at 15-30 cm soil depth had no significant influence on occurrence of plant pathogens.

12. Nguyen Phuoc Minh* [Effectiveness of pre-treatment and osmotic dehydration on acceptability of dried osmotic dehydrated grapefruit albedo]. Res. on Crops 20 (3) : 537-541 (2019). Faculty of Natural Sciences Thu Dau Mot University, Binh Duong Province, Vietnam *(e-mail : nguyenphuocminh@tdmu.edu.vn)

ABSTRACT

Grapefruit (Citrus paradisi) peel is usually discarded during flesh grapefruit consumption. Albedo of grapefruit is rich in pectin, glucosides, flavonones and dietary fiber. Fibers from grapefruit albedo not only provide energy but also maintain healthy and balanced diet. However, naringin occurs in high concentrations in the albedo layer of grapefruit limiting its applications. Therefore, our present research focused on the effect of soaking, blanching and osmotic dehydration in air drying of grapefruit albedo on the acceptability of dried osmotic dehydrated product, research was conducted from 2018 to 2019 in the Soc Trang Nanotech Scientific Laboratory. Results revealed that albedo should be soaked in 7% salt solution in 4 h to mild its bitterness. The grapefruit albedo would then be blanched in hot water 100oC in 45 sec, cooling and the excess water was removed. The pre-treatment grapefruit albedo was subjected into saccharose solution 65oBrix for 12 h in the presence of 1.5% citric acid. The osmotic dehydrated grapefruit albedo was then dried in hot air oven at 65°C for 18 h. From this approach, the added value of grapefruit albedo would be enhanced and consumer had a better chance to use this functional component.

13. Y. R. Suradinata, J. S. HAMDANI* AND S. MUBAROK [Response of potato cultivars ‘Atlantic’ and ‘Medians’ to the modified micro-climate at medium altitude]. Res. on Crops 20 (3) : 542-548 (2019). 1Department of Agronomy Agriculture Faculty, Padjadjaran University, 45363, Bandung, Indonesia *(e-mail : jajang.sauman@unpad.ac.id)

ABSTRACT

Cultivation of potato crop in high-temperature areas can cause the quality and quantity of yield to decrease. In order to overcome problems caused by high temperatures in medium plains in Indonesia, there are a number of environmental modifications that can be made. For instance, a treatment utilizing screen net shade allows optimal growth of potatoes. Choosing a type of cultivar fit to be planted in medium plains is also essential in order to know which of them that are adjusting and producing well. The experiment was conducted at the Research Station of Agriculture Department of Padjajaran University, located at 685 meters above sea level, using inceptisol soil with D3 type of rainfall. This research utilized the Split-Plot Design experimental method. The main plot was exposed to a modified micro-climate screen net shade treatment (without shade, with 30% screen net shade and with 40% sreen net shade). The plot factors consisted of Atlantic and Medians cultivars. The experiment consisted of six treatments with four replications each, totalling to 24 factorial plots. The results showed interaction between the shade and cultivars to the amount of yields grown at medium plain. However, it didn’t show any effects on growth. The plot receiving the 30% screen net shade treatment had independently produced taller plants, wider leaf area and bigger dry weight of Medians cultivars compared to the Atlantic cultivars. The results also showed an increased weight of both Atlantic and Medians cultivars, the number of the Medians cultivar tubers being higher than that of the Atlantic cultivars. It can be concluded that the 30% screen net shade treatment was able to increase the production of both Atlantic and Median cultivars grown in medium plains.

14. Harith Burhan Al-deen Abdulrahman* and Fatin Their Khalifa [Effect of spraying benzyl-adenine and boron on yield of two potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) cultivars]. Res. on Crops 20 (3) : 549-554 (2019). Horticulture and Landscaping Department College of Agriculture, Tikrit University, Iraq *(e-mail : Harth.b75@yahoo.com)

ABSTRACT

A field study was conducted at Horticulture and Landscaping Department, College of Agriculture, Tikrit University, Iraq during the spring season of 2018. The experiment was carried out using Split-Plot Design according to randomized complete block design. Two cultivars of potato (Fontane and Arizona) were placed in main plots, three spraying concentrations (0, 5 and 10 mg/l) of benzyl-adenine (BA) and two spraying levels (0 and 5 mg/l) of boron (B) were placed in sub-plots with three replications. The spraying of BA and B significantly affected the number of tubers per plant, tuber yield and protein content in potato, whereas weight of tuber of potato was not affected by BA and B sprayings. The number of tubers per plant increased significantly with the application of boron from 56.44 tubers under control where no boron was applied to 62.61 tubers per plant with the spraying of boron @ 5 mg/l. The number of tubers per plant decreased significantly with the spraying of BA in both Fontane and Arizona cultivars. The Arizona cultivar of potato produced higher tuber weight (190 g) compared to Fontane cultivar which produced 170 g tuber weight. The tuber weight of potato cultivars was not affected significantly by spraying BA and B. The tuber yield reduced significantly with increasing levels of spraying BA, from 57.33 t/ha under control where no BA was sprayed to 50.22 and 46.22 t/ha with the spraying of BA @ 5 and 10 mg/l, respectively. The protein content reduced significantly from 9.54% under BA0 to 7.49 and 8.55% under BA1 and BA2, respectively. However, the protein content in potato was not affected by spraying of boron. On the basis of this study, it can be concluded that cultivar Arizona was greater than Fontane with higher tuber yield. Application of boron along with benzine-adenine significantly reduced the performance of potato cultivar Fontane but increased in cultivar Arizona. The optimum spraying level of benzine-adenine was 5 mg/l for obtaining higher number of tubers per plant, tuber weight, tuber yield and protein content of potato cultivar Arizona.

15. Seung Kyu LEE* and Truong An DANG** [Calibration and validation of the FAO-AquaCrop Model for cassava in the Dong Xuan cultivation area of Phu Yen province using irrigation rainfall]. Res. on Crops 20 (3) : 555-562 (2019). 1Sustainable Management of Natural Resources and Environment Research Group Faculty of Environment and Labour Safety, Ton Duc Thang University 19, Nguyen Huu Tho Str., Tan Phong Ward, Dist. 7, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam (e-mail : *leesungkyu@tdtu.edu.vn; **dtan@hcmus.edu.vn)

ABSTRACT

Calibration and validation of any model before using for a specific study is essential. In this regard, the aim of this study was the calibration and validation of the FAO-AquaCrop model to predict the cassava yield in the Dong Xuan district belonging to Phu Yen Province of Vietnam. Based on the appraised results through calibration and validation processes whereby simulated biomass and crop yield under irrigation water came from rainfall during period 2000-18 could be concluded that the FAO-AquaCrop model, with the index of agreement (d) and correlation coefficient (R2) up to 0.85 and RMSE lower than 0.30 for simulating the biomass and cassava yields had confirmed the appropriate accuracy of the model performance. The results confirmed that the FAO-AquaCrop model was suitable for simulating the biomass and cassava yields in the Dong Xuan cassava cultivation area.

16. N. PALLAVI AND S. ANUJA* [Effect of organic nutrients on leaf yield and quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) cv. PKM-1]. Res. on Crops 20 (3) : 563-568 (2019). Department of Horticulture Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar-608 002 (Tamil Nadu), India *(e-mail : anujasing74@gmail.com)

ABSTRACT

The present study on the effect of organic nutrients on leaf yield and quality of moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.) cv. PKM-1 was carried out in the vegetable unit, Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar during 2018-19. The experiment was carried out with 13 treatments and three replications under randomized block design. The observations on yield characters were recorded at 35 days interval and totally six harvests were made during the study period. Among the different treatments, the treatment T8–Vermicompost @ 5 t/ha+azospirillum and phosphobacteria @ 2 kg/ha+panchakavya @ 3% foliar spray, recorded the maximum values for number of leaves, leaf weight, herbage yield/ha and chlorophyll content and it was closely followed by T12–Vermicompost @ 5 t/ha+azospirillum and phosphobacteria @ 2 kg/ha+neemcake extract @ 10% foliar spray, recorded higher values for yield/ha.

17. N. C. MNCWANGO*, S. MAVENGAHAMA, N. R. NTULI2 AND C. M. VAN JAARSVELD [Variability in leaf mineral content of colchicine-treated Corchorus olitorius]. Res. on Crops 20 (3) : 569-575 (2019). 1Department of Agriculture University of Zululand, Private Bag X 1001 Kwa Dlangezwa, 3886, South Africa *(e-mail : mjajihno@gmail.com)

ABSTRACT

Corchorus olitorius is an underutilized, but nutrient-rich leafy vegetable. However, the nutritive value and micronutrient bioavailability of this vegetable has not been well-researched in South Africa. Therefore, this study aimed at using a novel breeding technique, that is, utilization of colchicine treatment on mineral content of C. olitorius leaves. C. olitorius seeds were treated with 0, 0.025, 0.05, 0.075 and 0.1 g/l of colchicine for 2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 h. Treated seeds were sown in pots and laid out in a completely randomized design with three replications. Tender leaves were harvested at 49 days after planting for mineral content analysis using atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Data were subjected to ANOVA, principal component analysis and cluster analysis. Treatment with 0.025 g/l of colchicine for 2 h resulted in the highest nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, magnesium, aluminium and iron content in C. olitorius leaves. Other studied leaf minerals decreased with an increase in colchicine concentration and prolonged treatment duration. All minerals were correlated positively with each other, but sodium, manganese and copper had an exclusive association with one another. Again, all minerals were positively associated with first principal component, while Na, Mn and Cu were associated with the second principal component. Biplot and dendrogram grouped treatments mainly according to treatment duration. The study also demonstrated high levels of variation among the colchicine treatments in the nutritional traits evaluated. This implies that colchicine has the potential to induce genetic variability which can be used for future C. olitorius crop improvement.

18. SE JI JANG, YEON JI KIM AND YONG IN KUK* [Effects of Allium species plant extracts and their active ingredients on inhibition of plant growth]. Res. on Crops 20 (3) : 576-584 (2019). 1Department of Oriental Medicine Resources Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea *(e-mail : yikuk@sunchon.ac.kr)

ABSTRACT

The purpose of this study was to investigate what additional uses can be made of Allium species’ various extracts, particularly their inhibitory effects on plant growth. In addition to their extracts, we also studied the inhibitory effects of Allium active ingredients. The inhibition of cucumber and barley shoot and root lengths was greatest when water, boiled water and ethanol extracts of garlic flesh were used. In studies using cucumber, shoot and root lengths were 49-63% inhibited when treated with boiled water extracts of garlic flesh at a 5% concentration. In studies using barley and the same application, shoot and root lengths were 70-77% inhibited. Regardless of extraction method, garlic stem, peel and root extracts were less effective at growth inhibition. In order to investigate the inhibition rates of other Allium plants, we used boiled water extracts of onion flesh, welsh onion root, and garlic root of various cultivars. The garlic flesh extracts produced higher inhibition rates than onion flesh and welsh onion root extracts. Cucumber and barley growth were 81-100% inhibited in studies using garlic extracts of four cultivars (Deaseo, Haenam, Seosan and Namdo) at 3 and 5% concentrations. Additionally, weeds Quamoclit coccinea, Digitaria ciliaris, Echinochloa oryzoides and Digitaria ciliaris were, with few exceptions, 61-100% inhibited in studies using garlic extracts of Heanam and Seosan cultivars at 5% concentrations. Both total phenol and total flavonoid contents were higher in onion cultivars than in garlic cultivars. However, plant growth inhibition was higher in garlic extracts than onion extracts. Thus, the growth inhibition rates may not be related to only phenolic or flavonoid contents. An active ingredient compound ally disulfide was more effective in inhibiting plant growth than the quercetin and ascorbic acid. Although extracts from Allium species were shown to effectively inhibit growth, further studies are needed to determine whether a single active ingredient or mix of active ingredients cause growth inhibition.

19. R. A. AL-JUBOURI* [Evaluation of some plant extracts against poplar leaf aphid, Chaitophorus populialbae (Homoptera : Aphididae) under laboratory conditions]. Res. on Crops 20 (3) : 585-589 (2019). Department of Plant Protection University of Tikrit, Iraq *(e-mail : rabeebdulah3@gmail.com)

ABSTRACT

The research was conducted at Laboratory Department, College of Agriculture, University of Tikrit, Iraq. The laboratory conditions were 33±2°C, 65±5% relative humidity (rh) and 14 : 10 light : dark photo-period. Second and fourth instars of nymph were reared at laboratory. Strains of Chaitophorus populialbae were exposed to different concentrations of plant extracts (3, 5, 7, 9 and 11%). Each experiment was replicated three times in petri plates of 9 cm diameter. The extract of Ricinus communis plants gave high mortality reaching to 46, 36 and 41% in second instar, fourth instar and average mortality, respectively compared to control aqueous extract. The water extract of R. communis scored reasonable nymphs mortality ranging from 61.11 and 53.33% in second instar, 47.78 and 42.22% in fourth instar at extract concentration of 11 and 9%, respectively. The extract concentration of 3% gave lowest mortality of 21.11% in second instar and 14.44% in fourth instar compared with zero mortality under control. The high mortality of nymps in second instar reached to 66.67, 60.00 and 56.67% with 11% concentration of extracts of R. communis, Datura innoxia and Calotropis procera plants, respectively. At fourth stage instar, 11% concentration of extracts of R. communis, D. innoxia and C. procera plants caused significantly higher mortality of 53.33, 46.67 and 43.33%, respectively, compared to control. Therefore, farmers can use extracts of R. communis, D. innoxia and C. procera plants for both controlling insects and plant diseases.

20. H. BANGO, K. G. SHADUNG* AND P. W. MASHELA [Influence of Nemarioc-AL and Nemafric-BL phytonematicides on mineral nutrient elements in tomato leaf tissues under field conditions]. Res. on Crops 20 (3) : 590-595 (2019). 1Limpopo Agro-Food Technology Station University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, 0727, South Africa *(e-mail : kagiso.shadung@ul.ac.za)

ABSTRACT

Effects of cucurbitacin-containing phytonematicides on plants could be stimulative, neutral or inhibitive in relation to accumulation of essential nutrient elements under controlled environments, with limited information on how plants would respond to the products under field conditions. The objective of this study was to determine whether increasing concentration of Nemarioc-AL and Nemafric-BL phytonematicides under field conditions would have stimulative, neutral or inhibitive effects on accumulation of selected mineral nutrient elements in tomato leaf tissues. Separate trials for each product were conducted in spring 2017 and validated in 2018. Potassium, Na and Zn over Nemarioc-AL phytonematicide exhibited positive quadratic relations, with models explaining the associations by 91, 96 and 89%, respectively. Sodium and Zn over Nemafric-BL phytonematicide exhibited positive quadratic relations, with associations explained by 93 and 83%, respectively. In contrast, K over Nemafric-BL phytonematicide exhibited negative quadratic relation, with the association explained by 96%. In all cases, the accumulation of nutrient elements was highly tolerant to the phytonematicides. In conclusion, increasing concentration of phytonematicides had stimulative effects on accumulation of selected mineral nutrient elements in tomato leaf tissues.

21. SE JI JANG, YEON JI KIM AND YONG IN KUK* [Effects of Allium species plant extracts and their active ingredients on suppression of crop pathogens]. Res. on Crops 20 (3) : 596-603 (2019). 1Department of Oriental Medicine Resources Sunchon National University, Suncheon 57922, Republic of Korea *(e-mail : yikuk@sunchon.ac.kr)

ABSTRACT

This study was conducted to investigate the inhibitory effect of both extracts of and active ingredients in Allium plants on crop pathogens. Among Allium genus species, suppression rates of Pyricularia oryzae and Phytophthora cactorum were the highest when A. sativum flesh was used. In Allium species by-products, suppression of P. oryzae and P. cactorum was higher in A. sativum, A. wakegi and A. hookeri roots. In other pathogen tests, Colletotrichum coccodes was 94 and 86% suppressed in response to 5% concentrations of A. fistulosum root and A. sativum flesh water extracts, respectively. Additionally, Thanatephorus cucumeris was 95% suppressed in response to water extracts of A. sativum flesh at 5%. P. oryzae was 83% suppressed in response to quercetin at 3%. However, other pathogens P. cactorum, T. cucumeris, C. coccodes or Botrytis cinereal were only 29-47% suppressed in response to quercetin at 3%. The five pathogens were 74-100% suppressed in response to ascorbic acid at 3%. Furthermore, complete suppression of P. oryzae, C. coccodes and B. cinereal was achieved using allyl disulfide at concentrations of 0.1, 0.3 and 0.3%, respectively. The total thiosufinate contents were significantly different between some Allium species and cultivars. However, the suppression rates may not be attributed to any one single active ingredient. Thus, Allium plants and their by-products are useful in organic crop cultivation and may be used to control crop diseases.

22. SUDARJAT*, S. MUBAROK, V. ISNANIAWARDHANI, R. BAWANI, E. YULIA AND F. WIDIANTINI [Major diseases of dragon fruit (Hylocereus spp.) in coastal area of Pangandaran, West Java, Indonesia]. Res. on Crops 20 (3) : 604-610 (2019). 1Department of Plant Pests and Diseases Agriculture Faculty, Universitas Padjadjaran Jatinangor Campus, Jatinangor 45363 Indonesia *(e-mail : sudarjat@unpad.ac.id)

ABSTRACT

Pangandaran regency, a region located on the southern coast of West Java, Indonesia, has the potential to be developed as a centre for dragon fruit production. Dragon fruit farming has begun in this area but is currently experiencing some disease problems. Several diseases have been reported in dragon fruit in Indonesia, to mention some of them are stem canker and stem rot diseases. The purpose of this study was to examine the incidence of disease and to identify the main causal agents of dragon fruit disease that appeared in Pangandaran regency. Field observations showed that the incidence of the disease reached up to 100% of the sample plants, while the severity of the disease was actually high which occurred in stem canker and anthracnose caused by Neoscytalidium dimidiatum and Colletotrichum gloeosporioides reaching more than 50%. Other significant diseases found in the plantation were stem necrosis (Curvularia lunata), scab (Pestalotiopsis sp.) and soft rot (Bacteria X). Because there is no comprehensive review available, this study will provide information about dragon fruit diseases that will benefit further studies on dragon fruit disease management and the development of agro-tourism programs in the research area.

23. D. H. Tran* and P. D. Tran [Field efficacy of chemical fungicides on rubber leaf fall disease (Corynespora cassiicola) in Central Vietnam]. Res. on Crops 20 (3) : 611-615 (2019). Faculty of Agronomy University of Agriculture and Forestry, Hue University 102 Phung Hung Street, Hue City, Vietnam *(e-mail: tdanghoa@hueuni.edu.vn)

ABSTRACT

Corynespora leaf fall disease (CLF), caused by the fungus Corynespora cassiicola (Berk. & Curt.) Wei, has occurred and become a serious disease on rubber (Hevea brasiliensis) in Asian countries, including Vietnam. Field experiments were conducted in order to evaluate the efficacy of four chemical fungicides difenoconazole, difenoconazole+propiconazole, epoxiconazole and tebuconazole for controlling CLF in Thua Thien Hue province, Central Vietnam. These insecticides were applied at recommended field rates. The results showed that all the four tested fungicides were moderate or high efficacy against CLF. The efficacy was highest with difenoconazole (64.4-71.5%) on rubber planted at both the two different ecological zones. These results suggest that difenoconazole application provides one potential component of an effective CLF control strategy for rubber farmers.

24. Nguyen Phuoc Minh* [Technical variables in production of mango syrup]. Res. on Crops 20 (3) : 616-619 (2019). Faculty of Natural Sciences Thu Dau Mot University, Binh Duong Province, Vietnam *(e-mail : nguyenphuocminh@tdmu.edu.vn)

ABSTRACT

Mango is a rich source of beta-carotene. Moreover, it has strong antidegenerative, hypotensive, immunomodulation, antioxidant, antidileutic, anti lipid peroxidation, cardiotonic and wound healing activities. They are normally consumed fresh. Mango puree, slices in syrup, nectar, leather, pickles, canned slices and chutney are the main industrial products obtained from mango fruits. Objective of our present study was focused on technical varibles in production of mango syrup. This research was conducted from 2018 to 2019 in the scientific laboratory of Soc Trang Nanotech Ltd. Results revealed that juice extraction with 0.04% pectinase in 60 min at 40oC; addition of 0.25% carrageenan and sugar 62oBrix were appropriate for production of mango syrup. By this approach, added value of mango could be improved.

25. Nguyen Phuoc Minh* [Optimization of microwave baking for breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) slices]. Res. on Crops 20 (3) : 620-624 (2019). Faculty of Natural Sciences Thu Dau Mot University, Binh Duong Province, Vietnam *(e-mail : nguyenphuocminh@tdmu.edu.vn)

ABSTRACT

Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis) is a valuable food resource of carbohydrate with low fat, high caloric content with a moderate glycemic index and signifcant amount of vitamins and minerals. It can be steamed, fried, baked, roasted and fried. Increasing consumer awareness of the relationship between nutrition and health has led to demand for high quality foods that are also healthy. Our present research focused on the effect of power and time of microwave baking on the quality (moisture, colour, hardness) of sliced breadfruit. This research was conducted from 2018 to 2019 in the Soc Trang Nanotech Scientific Laboratory. Results revealed that breadfruit slices should be baked at 540 w in 3 min to get the best baked breadfruit slice quality. Baking is considered as an alternative to frying due to its potential to provide a similar product without fat absorption.

26. A. M. MAFOKOANE, M. S. MPHOSI* AND K. G. SHADUNG [Effect of time-based oven-drying on the microbial profiling of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] leaves]. Res. on Crops 20 (3) : 625-628 (2019). 1Limpopo Agro-Food Technology Station University of Limpopo, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga, 0727, South Africa *(e-mail : Maboko.mphosi@gmail.com)

ABSTRACT

Traditional processing methods have an impact on nutritional quality of leafy vegetables. This impact may result in increased microbial count, risk of food poisoning and inability to prevent post-harvest losses thereby leading to malnutrition and subsequently food insecurities. Therefore, special processing methods to reduce the contamination while prolonging the shelf life of leafy vegetables are essential. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of time-based oven drying on the microbial profiling of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] leaves. A study was conducted at Limpopo Agro-Food Technology Station laboratory with a constant oven drying temperature of 52°C. Two separate experiments were conducted for raw and cooked cowpea leaves with four treatments viz., 0 (sun-dried), 24, 48 and 72 h of oven-drying arranged in a randomized complete block design with five replications. Relative to control (sun-drying), oven-drying periods 24 h significantly increased Staphylococcus spp. in raw cowpea leaves by 6%, respectively. Relative to control (sun-drying) 72 h oven-drying period significantly decreased Shigella spp. by 92%. In cooked leaves, relative to control (sun-drying), 72 h drying periods decreased both Shigella spp. and Staphylococcus spp. by 99 and 21%, respectively. Total coliform units of Salmonella spp., Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas spp. and Bacillus cereus were absent and/or at an undetectable level according to the Tempo Biomerieux system results. Cooking followed by oven-drying had negative effects on microorganism that were responsible for spoilage on cowpea leaves. Therefore, it is advisable to cook then dry leafy vegetables for longer (72 h of oven-drying) to reduce the total count of microorganism; however, this could be crucial to nutritional quality.

27. Joseph Arsène Mbarga Manga, Stève Carly Desobgo Zangué, Leéopold Ngouné Tatsadjeu, Meisam Zargar*, Engeribo Albert and Maryam Bayat [Producing probiotic beverage based on raffia sap fermented by Lactobacillus fermentum and Bifidobacterium bifidum]. Res. on Crops 20 (3) : 629-634 (2019). 1Department of Food Processing and Quality Control IUT, University of Ngaoundere, Ngaoundere, Cameroon *(e-mail : zargar_m@pfur.ru)

ABSTRACT

In order to contribute to the diversification of the range of probiotic products, limited until now to the dairy matrices, and to valorize the local raw materials of Cameroon, we set ourselves the objective of finding the conditions of fermentation of the fresh sap of Rafia farinifera by two probiotic ferments, namely, L. fermentum and B. bifidum. We first characterized raffia sap physico-chemically and studied the ability of ferments and their viability in the sap. The physico-chemical characteristics of the sap (3.801%±0.037 dry matter, 7.044±0.172 g of ash per 100 g of dry matter, 10.789±1.388 g of reducing sugars per liter, titratable acidity of 4.44 equivalent grams of lactic acid per liter, pH of 4.12, 2.91±0.94 g of total phenol compounds per liter, density of 1.158 g/l and a Brix of 4.2) and the viability of the ferments in the latter showed the feasibility of this work. Moreover, the optimization of physico-chemical parameters thanks to the Box-Behnken model after maximizing Brix, reducing sugars and proteins and setting the pH at 4, lactic acidity at 9 g/l, the amount of probiotics at 1.00 E+10CFU/ml led to the following operating conditions : B. bifidum and L. fermentum seeding rates of 10 and 2.82%, respectively, an incubation temperature of 37°C and an incubation time of 14 h 2 min. Thus, these conditions made it possible to obtain a drink having a titratable acidity of 8 g of lactic acid/l, a pH of 3.87, a protein content of 574.6 (mg/l), a Brix of 5.47 and a quantity of probiotics of 1.13 E+8 CFU/ml. Beyond this optimization, a sensory analysis performed on the optimized product showed that it was organoleptically acceptable.

28. ZAID KHALEEL KADHIM*, MOHAMMED J. H. AL-SHAREEFI AND SABREEN MOHAMMED LATEEF [Effect of growth regulators on in vitro micropropagation of blue honeysuckle (Lonicera caerulea L.)]. Res. on Crops 20 (3) : 635-641 (2019). 1, 3Agriculture College University of Kerbala, Kerbala, Iraq *(e-mail : zaid.alnjim@uokerbala.edu.iq)

ABSTRACT

The experiment was carried out in the Tissue Culture Laboratory of the College of Agriculture, University of Karbala to investigate the effect of growth regulators in micropropagation of the blue honeysuckle in vitro. The branches were cultivated by shoot tips in MS medium with five concentrations of each BA and Kin @ 0, 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 and 2.5 mg/l and each concentration was mixed with IAA @ 0.2 mg/l at multiplication stage. At rooting stage, independent experiments were conducted using four concentrations of each IBA and NAA @ 0, 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mg/l and each concentration was mixed with steady concentration of 0.2 mg/l of BA. The results indicated that marked differences were observed in plant growth characters under different concentrations of cytokines used. The cytokine concentration of 2.5 mg/l produced significantly higher number of branches, length of branch, and wet and dry weight of vegetative parts compared to control. As for the effect of cytokines type, the BA showed its’ superiority over other cytokines in terms of production of higher number of branches, length of branch, and wet and dry weight of vegetative parts. It was also observed that the auxin types and their concentrations significantly affected the number and length of roots and their wet and dry weights. The IBA concentration of 1.5 mg/l achieved significantly higher number of branches, length of branch, and wet and dry weight of vegetative parts of blue honeysuckle compared to control where no auxin was applied.

29. S. A. SALIM*, K. H. ABOOD AND M. A. RAZZOOQEE [Determination of secondary metabolites in callus and different tissues of Physalis angulata L.]. Res. on Crops 20 (3) : 642-647 (2019). 1Al-Mussaib Technical College Al-Furat Al-Awsat Technical University, Iraq *(e-mail : dr.sihamabdelrazzaq@yahoo.com)

ABSTRACT

Physalis angulata L. is an important herbal plant used in the food industry or in folk medicine in most countries around the world. The present study was carried out in order to determine the secondary metabolites in the samples of callus and seedlings growing in vitro of this plant using GC/MS technique. Results showed that the MS medium supplemented with the concentration of 9.04 µM 2,4-D was the best in the growth of callus by giving the highest biomass weight (1241 mg) of callus induced from seeds. The GC/MS analysis of chloroform extract of callus and seedlings growing in vitro revealed the presence of 25 compounds in callus, 27 in seedlings and 18 in roots. Most of the compounds were diagnosed in the callus and seedling samples with pharmaceutical and economic benefits. This indicated the importance of in vitro cultures in the production of new compounds that were medically and economically effective.

30. Nguyen Phuoc Minh* [Effect of drying temperature on the quality of lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) seed]. Res. on Crops 20 (3) : 648-651 (2019). Faculty of Natural Sciences Thu Dau Mot University, Binh Duong Province, Vietnam *(e-mail : nguyenphuocminh@tdmu.edu.vn)

ABSTRACT

Lotus (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn.) is an important aquatic economic plant. Lotus seeds are edible and medicinally versatile. The seeds are most commonly sold in the shelled and dried form. Fresh lotus seeds are relatively perishable due to high moisture. The objective of the present research was to investigate the effects of heat treatment during drying on the total polyphenol content and sensory characteristics of lotus seed. This research was conducted during 2018-19 in the Soc Trang Nanotech Scientific Laboratory. Results revealed that a high retention of polyphenols was recorded at drying temperature of 65oC in 14 h. From this approach, nutraceutical value of lotus seeds was established to enhance its added value as well as health promotion.

31. K. RAJA*, R. ANANDHAM AND K. SIVASUBRAMANIAM [Seed and seedling vigour improvement through seed infusion with liquid microbial consortia in sorghum, Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]. Res. on Crops 20 (3) : 652-660 (2019). Vegetable Research Station Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Palur-607 102, Cuddalore (Tamil Nadu), India *(e-mail : kraja_sst@rediffmail.com)

ABSTRACT

Seed treatment with bioinoculants is being considered as an important valuable event equally to seed and environment. Though the carrier-based inoculants are being followed, it has short shelf life and difficult to use for large quantities of seed. Hence, studies were carried out in sorghum by infusing liquid microbial cultures to find out their effect on seed vigour and microbial population in the seed. The results showed that the sorghum seeds soaked in equal volume of Azospirillum @ 1 : 50 dilution for 18 h or phosphobacteria @ 1 : 50 dilution or PPFM @ 1 : 100 dilution for 12 h performed better in germination and vigour improvement. Among these microbial cultures, PPFM had highest seed germination and seedling vigour. Also, the viability and vigour of the seeds infused with bioinoculants were not affected much in three months storage. The microbial consortia comprising Azospirillum @ 1 : 50 dilution and PPFM @ 1 : 100 dilution (1:1) for 18 h had highest germination (99%). Likewise, seed soaking in PPFM @ 1 : 100 dilution for 18 h followed by polymer coating @ 5 ml/kg and carbendazim seed treatment @ 2 g/kg of seed showed significant increase in germination (97%), speed of germination (10.8) and seedling length (39.9 cm) with slight reduction in the microbial population.

32. FAHEEMA KHAN* [Effect of arsenic on growth and antioxidant defense system in a versatile herb, coriander]. Res. on Crops 20 (3) : 661-666 (2019). 1Department of Botany and Microbiology College of Science, King Saud University Riyadh 11495, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia *(e-mail : drfaheemakhan@gmail.com)

ABSTRACT

A hydroponic experiment was conducted to investigate the toxicity caused by arsenate (As V) and its detoxification responses in coriander. Ten days after germination, coriander seedlings were treated with 0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 µM (Na2HAsO4) of sodium arsenate for seven days and investigated for growth performance, malondialdehyde content, proline content and activities of enzymatic antioxidants. A significant decrease (31-92%) in plant root length shoot length (24-71%) along with plant biomass (38-88%) was recorded in coriander with increase in As (V) levels over control. As (V) induced oxidative stress caused elevation in proline content and decline in malondialdehyde (MDA) content in a treatment dependant way. Enzymatic activities of antioxidant such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and glutathione reductase (GR) showed enhancement up to 86, 59, 63 and 74% with elevated level of As (V) doses. Results indicate the decrement in MDA content and elevated activities of antioxidant enzymes play a significant role in As (V) detoxification in coriander.

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