Volume 21, Number 1(2001)
Titles of research papers/articles alongwith their abstracts.
For full text, please contact to Editor-in-chief at : md@cropresearh.org
1. C. CHIDUZA [Performance of maize, sorghum and pearl millet cultivars in a dry region of Zimbabwe]. Crop Res. 21 (1) : 1-10 (2001). Department of Crop Science, University of Zimbabwe, MP 167, Mt Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe
ABSTRACT
Farmers in northern Sebungwe, a semi-arid region in northern Zimbabwe, are food insecure, in part as a result of the lack of fit of long season local landraces of sorghum and pearl millet. Short to medium cycle cultivars of sorghum (SV 1, SV 2 and Segaolane), pearl millet (PMV 1) and maize (R 200, R 201, SC 501, PNR 473 and Kalahari Pearly White) were evaluated on farm for three seasons from 1988-89 to 1990-91 under both current farmer and improved management. For all three species, the greatest yield stability was with the shortest cycle cultivar maturing in less than 110 days. Sorghum cultivar SV 2 provided the best stable choice for cereal production in the northern Sebungwe cropping systems under both current farmer and improved conditions. All maize cultivars performed poorly under current farmer management indicating the importance of fertility management even under semi-arid conditions.
2. S. HEMBRAM, P. BANDYOPADHYAY, P. K. JANA, D. DUTTA AND D. RAY [Effect of depth and time of cut off irrigation and fertilizer on yield attributes, yield and production economics of hybrid rice (Oryza sativa L.)]. Crop Res. 21 (1) : 11-14 (2001). Department of Agronomy, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur-741 252 (West Bengal), India
ABSTRACT
A field experiment was conducted during the winter seasons of 1996-97 and 1997-98 at Kalyani, West Bengal to study the effect of irrigation and fertilizer on yield attributes, yield and production economics and also the optimum time for cut off (last) irrigation of hybrid rice. Levels of irrigation did not affect the yield attributes and yield of hybrid rice significantly, but application of fertilizer in different levels significantly influenced them. Higher level of fertilization (N150P75K75 kg ha-1) was found to be superior to other levels. From the point of production economics, 0-5 cm depth of irrigation water in combination with higher level of fertilizer (N150P75K75 kg ha-1) resulted in the highest net return, benefit : cost ratio and production efficiency as compared to other combinations. The suspension of irrigation 15 days before harvest was conducive for higher production of hybrid rice and it economised irrigation water.
3. A. BHATTACHARYA, G. K. PANDIT, P. CHAKRABORTI AND D. ROY [Effect of carbofuran, butachlor and carbendazim on chlorophyll and carbohydrate contents of two summer rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars at panicle emergence]. Crop Res. 21 (1) : 15-19 (2001). Department of Agricultural Biochemistry, B. C. K. V. North Bengal Campus, Pundibari, Coochbehar-736 165 (West Bengal), India
ABSTRACT
Effect of three different pesticides on chlorophyll and carbohydrate contents in Ajoya and MW 10 rice varieties at panicle emergence was studied in sub-Himalayan terai region of north-eastern India. The herbicide butachlor brought about significant depletion in both leaf chlorophyll and carbohydrate in leaf and grain samples as compared to the insecticide carbofuran and untreated control. The fungicide carbendazim produced a decreasing trend in carbohydrate content, whereas carbofuran, an increasing trend. All these effects are supposed to influence the yield parameters at harvest. Application of butachlor as well as carbendazim at panicle emergence of rice may, therefore, be avoided.
4. R. S. KHATRI, A. C. GOEL AND R. K. MALIK [Water use and application efficiencies in bed and flat sowing of wheat in rice-wheat system under different irrigation levels]. Crop Res. 21 (1) : 20-23 (2001). CCSHAU Regional Research Station, Uchani, Karnal (Haryana), India
ABSTRACT
A field experiment having four modes of sowing i. e. W1 (3 rows bed with 45 cm bed width), W2 (5 rows bed with 75 cm bed width), W3 (7 rows bed with 105 cm bed width) and W4 (flat sowing), and three irrigation levels i. e. A1 (IW/CPE=1.2), A2 (IW/CPE=1.0) and A3 (IW/CPE=0.8) was conducted during rabi (winter) season of 1998-99 on wheat crop. The water use efficiency was found to be maximum (154.52 kg/ha-cm) in W1 (3 rows bed) mode of sowing at irrigation level A2 in comparison to all other treatments. The grain and straw yields were maximum i. e. 53.03 and 65.41 q/ha, respectively, in W1 mode of sowing at irrigation level A2 in comparison to other treatments. The water application efficiency was higher in W1 mode of sowing as compared to W4, W2 and W3 at all irrigation levels. It was also found to be maximum (74.46%) in W1 (3 rows bed) mode of sowing at irrigation level A2.
5. V. S. DEORA, M. A. SHAH AND ARUNAB JOSHI [Effect of moisture stress on wheat genotypes]. Crop Res. 21 (1) : 24-26 (2001). Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Udaipur-313 001 (Rajasthan), India
ABSTRACT
Thirty-nine germplasm lines of wheat were grown in stress and normal irrigated environment in three replications. Proline accumulation and chlorophyll content were recorded from the leaves of stressed and irrigated wheat genotypes. Free proline accumulation in water stressed leaves has been speculated to constitute an attribute of drought resistance. Similarly, chlorophyll content was maximum in stressed leaves as compared to control. Chlorophyll and proline coupled with grain yield were calculated and 10 promising genotypes were selected for improvement against drought tolerance. The prominent genotypes among 39 lines were : HTYT 94-108, HTYT 94-203, HTYT 94-204, HTYT 94-219, HTYT 94-310, HTYT 94-313, HTYT 94-402, HTYT 94-405, HTYT 94-417 and HTYT 94-418 for chlorophyll content. HTYT 94-202, HTYT 94-217, HTYT 94-305, HTYT 94-206, HTYT 94-218, HTYT 94-119, HTYT 94-219, HTYT 94-309, DL-803-3 and Lok-1 were promising lines for proline content.
6. A. M. RAJPUT, K. K. SAXENA AND K. S. BISONIYA [Profitability of wheat varieties in Indore, M. P.]. Crop Res. 21 (1) : 27-29 (2001) JNKVV College of Agriculture, Indore-452 001 (M. P.), India
ABSTRACT
The present study was conducted during rabi season of 1997-98 to study the profitability of three important varieties of wheat (Lok-1, WH-147 and Sujata) in Indore district of Madhya Pradesh. Lok-1 was found to be the highest in productivity (34 q/ha) on all categories of farms followed by varieties WH-147 (33.5 q/ha) and Sujata (25 q/ha). Due to the lowest cost of cultivation (Rs. 9448/ha) and highest cost : benefit ratio (1 : 2.10), Sujata was found to be profitable among the three varieties. Market price of Sujata was also highest (Rs. 700/q) at the time of harvesting in comparison to other varieties. It was also one of the important reasons of profitability of Sujata in the study area.
7. V. M. Solanke, A. B. Turkhede, R. N. Katkar, S. T. Wankhade and B. A. Sakhare [Response of cotton hybrids to various agronomic practices]. Crop Res. 21 (1) : 30-33 (2001). Cotton Research Unit, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola-444 104 (M. S.) India
ABSTRACT
Cotton hybrids planted at a closer spacing recorded 17.2% more seed cotton yield, hybrids were more or less similar and yield significantly increased by 16.5 and 24.3% with the application of 50 : 25 : 25 and 75 : 37.5 : 37.5 than 25 : 12.5 : 12.5 N, P2O5 and K2O kg/ha. Dry matter accumulation and nutrient uptake were higher with closer spacing (60 x 60 cm), hybrid CAHH-468 and with the increase in the levels of fertilizers but rate of dry matter accumulation and nutrients uptake was more with addition of first increment of fertilizer dose than the second increment.
8. S. T. Wankhade, A. B. Turkhede, R. N. Katkar., V. M. Solanke and B. A. Sakhare [Effect of bio-mulching and fertilizer on growth and yield of cotton]. Crop Res. 21 (1) : 34-37 (2001). Cotton Research Unit, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola-444 104 (M. S.), India
ABSTRACT
The results revealed that the control (no bio-mulching) recorded significantly higher seed cotton yield, while bio-mulching with cowpea, green gram and sunhemp reduced the yield by 15.2, 17.6 and 25.5%, respectively. Bio-mulching conserved the soil moisture to the extent of 12.8, 10.6 and 11.3% at flowering stage. Organic carbon was maximum in green gram, whereas available P2O5 and K2O were higher in cowpea and sunhemp bio-mulching. Recommended dose of fertilizer (50 : 25 : 0 kg NPK/ha) recorded more seed cotton yield, bolls/plant and yield/plant. Soil moisture per cent did not vary much with the level of fertilizer.
9. S. T. WANKHADE, V. M. SOLANKE, A. B. TURKHEDE, S. D. MALVI AND R. N. KATKAR [Effect of biofertilizer on growth and yield of Arborium cotton (AKA-8401)].Crop Res. 21 (1) : 38-40 (2001). Cotton Research Unit, Dr. Panjabrao Deshmukh Krishi Vidyapeeth, Akola-444 104 (M. S.), India
ABSTRACT
The results of the field experiment conducted on the effect of biofertilizer on growth and yield of Arborium cotton (AKA-8401) revealed that the seed cotton yield differences among the treatments having inoculation with biofertilizers and control were not significant. On an average, inoculation with Azotobactor and Azospirillum culture recorded 7.9 and 2.5% increased seed cotton yield than control. Seed cotton yield was similar due to seed treatment and soil application of biofertilizers. Recommended nitrogen (30 kg N/ha) gave 11.0 and 29.3% higher seed cotton yield over 75 and 50% recommended nitrogen application.
10. K. A. HIREMATH AND SATHYANARAYANA RAO [Chemical weed control studies in irrigated hybrid cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)]. Crop Res. 21 (1) : 41-45 (2001). Department of Agronomy, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad (Karnataka), India
ABSTRACT
A field experiment was conducted at Regional Research Station, Raichur, Karnataka during 1996-97 to study the effect of weed management in irrigated hybrid cotton. The results indicated that with respect to seed cotton yield integrated weed control method_Diuron as pre-emergence @ 1.0 kg/ha+HW at 40 DAS and IC at 60 DAS (1910 kg/ha). Farmers practice_HW at 30 and 60 DAS and IC at 45 and 60 DAS (1900 kg/ha), and sequential application of diuron as pre-emergence @ 1.0 kg/ha followed by post-emergence application of glufosinate @ 0.525 kg/ha at 40 DAS (1848 kg/ha) were on par with each other and also with weed free check which registered the maximum seed cotton yield (2021 kg/ha). All these treatments were significantly superior over the treatments which received post-emergent herbicide “glufosinate” alone at various doses. Further, these treatments were also found superior in recording lower weed counts and higher weed control efficiency. The sequential herbicidal application was found to be a promising alternate weed control measure in labour scarcity and incessant rainfall situations.
11. A. M. RAJPUT, C. L. KEWDA, O. R. MISRA AND S. L. DESHPANDE [Economics of cotton production in Madhya Pradesh]. Crop Res. 21 (1) : 46-48 (2001). JNKVV College of Agriculture, Indore (M. P.), India
ABSTRACT
This study on economics of cotton production on tribal farm in Malwa region of M. P. was specially undertaken with the main objectives to examine the cost structure and profitability and identify the constraints in cotton production on tribal farm in Dhar district and the district was selected for its major contribution towards the area under cotton in Madhya Pradesh. Overall net and gross income per hectare of cotton on tribal farm was found Rs. 18409 and 45871, respectively, and input : output ratio of cotton was 1 : 1.67. Major constraints faced by the farmers were low market price of produce, costly inputs and irregular supply of electricity. The study was conducted during the year 1998-99.
12. G. MANICKAM, P. GNANAMURTHY, R. DURAI AND V. IMAYAVARAMBAN [Production potential and economic returns of different integrated weed management practices on groundnut based intercropping systems]. Crop Res. 21 (1) : 49-52 (2001). TNAU Regional Research Station, Vridhachalam (Tamil Nadu), India
ABSTRACT
Field experiments were conducted to evaluate the productivity potential and the economic viability of different integrated weed management practices for groundnut based intercropping system. The pod yield of groundnut and the intercrops, land equivalent ratio and net return ha-1 were significantly higher under pre-sowing blanket application of glyphosate @ 1.0% compared to untreated control. Intercropping of groundnut increased the pod equivalent by 7.6% with a net income of Rs. 1319 ha-1 over sole groundnut. Pre-emergence application of metolachlor @ 1.0 kg ha-1+one hand weeding on 30 DAS significantly improved the pod equivalent and the land equivalent ratio.
13. M. V. CHALAPATHI, S. THIMMEGOWDA, N. DEVA KUMAR, G. GANGADHAR ESWAR RAO AND K. MALLIKARJUNA [Influence of length of cutting and growth regulators on vegetative propagation of Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bert.)]. Crop Res. 21 (1) : 53-56 (2001). Department of Agronomy, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore-560 065 (Karnataka), India
ABSTRACT
A pot culture experiment was carried out at the University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore, to evolve a suitable methodology for vegetative propagation of Stevia (Stevia rebaudiana Bert.). Use of 15 cm cuttings gave significantly higher sprouting percentage alongwith better shoot and root growth of sprouted cuttings over 7.5 cm cuttings. Pre-treatment of cutting with paclobutrazol at 50 or 100 ppm was found to be effective growth regulator treatment for induction of roots and sprouts from stem cuttings.
14. GYANENDRA TIWARI, S. K. DWIVEDI, S. K. SHRIVASTAVA, J. P. TIWARI AND V. K. AGARWAL [Effect of plant population density and phosphorus nutrition on physiological determinants of yield in linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.)]. Crop Res. 21 (1) : 57-59 (2001). Department of Agricultural Botany & Crop Physiology, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur-492 004 (M. P.), India
ABSTRACT
A field experiment was conducted during rabi seasons to adjudge the effect of plant population density and phosphorus application on physiological growth determinants of linseed. Plant population density of 30 lakh/ha and phosphorus level 25 kg P2O5/ha improved LAI, LAD, CGR and NAR upto 75 DAS. Thereafter a sharp decline was noted. However, improvement in RGR was noted upto 25 lakh/ha population density and phosphorus level of 25 kg P2O5/ha.
15. K. S. GREWAL, P. S. YADAV, S. C. MEHTA AND M. C. OSWAL [Direct and residual effect of flyash application to soil on crop yields and soil properties]. Crop Res. 21 (1) : 50-65 (2001). Department of Soil Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125 004, India
ABSTRACT
The direct and residual effect of flyash application/mixing on crop yields and soil properties was studied on a sandy loam soil at the Soil Research Farm of CCSHAU, Hisar. Flyash collected from thermal power plant, Faridabad in Haryana, was mixed @ 0, 5, 10 and 20% (w/w basis) in the plough layer (0-15 cm) of the soil. Also a 2.5 cm flyash layer (equivalent to 10.6% w/w basis) was applied on surface of soil as a separate treatment. Pearlmillet was taken as the test crop during kharif season, whereas residual effect was studied on wheat crop during rabi season. Application of flyash to soil increased both grain and straw yields of pearlmillet (direct) and subsequent wheat (residual) crops significantly at all levels of flyash. The maximum increase (32.9% in grain and 39.5% in straw of pearlmillet and 32.4% in grain and 43.9% in straw of wheat over their respective controls) was observed with 20% flyash mixing in the soil. Addition of flyash to soil increased both the mean daily minimum and maximum soil temperatures during emergence period of both the crops; however, these effects were more pronounced and beneficial during winter (wheat) season. The flyash application also resulted in more moisture storage in the plough layer of soil at all the stages of crop growth. The uptake of N, P and K, both in grain and straw of pearlmillet and wheat crops, was found higher in flyash treated plots over control. Regarding soil properties, no definite trend of flyash application was observed on pH, EC, OC and available soil nutrients; however, from the initial level, a slight decrease was observed in all the treatments.
16. J. TASOSA, C. CHIDUZA, I. ROBERTSON AND N. MANYOWA [A comparative evaluation of the fertiliser value of castor and jatropha presscakes on the yield of tomato]. Crop Res. 21 (1) : 66-71 (2001). Department of Crop Science, University of Zimbabwe, MP 167, Mt Pleasant, Harare, Zimbabwe
ABSTRACT
Both castor (Ricinus communis L.) and jatropha (Jatropha curcas L.) cakes are currently waste products of their processing for oil. There are indications that the cakes could have potential as organic fertilisers, particularly for smallholder horticultural production. The fertiliser value of composted and non-composted castor bean and jatropha was evaluated on the yield of tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.). Cakes were applied in their composted and non-composted state at 6 t/ha to Rodhead tomato seedlings and compared to 1000 kg/ha compound L basal fertiliser (50 kg N, 80 kg P, 80 kg K, 80 kg S and 2.5 kg B) as the control in a field trial at the African Centre for Fertiliser Development (ACFD) near Harare. Application rates of composted cakes were also evaluated in a potted greenhouse experiment with Rodhead tomato. The rates used were 6, 12, 18 and 24 t/ha. An in vitro experiment was conducted to determine the phytotoxicity of uncomposted castor cake on tomato using variety Moneymaker. There was no significant difference in tomato yield with application of presscakes compared to inorganic fertiliser. No significant yield difference was observed with or without composting of presscakes. There was significant difference (P<0.05) in growth rates of tomato and in total above ground dry matter (TDM) with increased application rates of cakes. Uncomposted castor cake caused a significant reduction in total fresh mass (TFM) of Moneymaker tomato in the in vitro experiment.
17. N. V. P. R. GANGA RAO1 AND S. C. GULATI [Comparison of gene action in F1 and F2 diallels of Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss]. Crop Res. 21 (1) : 72-76 (2001). Division of Genetics, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi-110 012, India
ABSTRACT
A study on combining ability of F1 and F2 diallels revealed predominance of non-additive component for a majority of the yield contributing characters. Estimates of narrow sense heritability were classified as low, medium and high in two generations, and showed shifts in the magnitudes of heritability from F1 to F2 in low to medium, medium to high, high to medium and medium to low directions. It was low to medium for number of secondary branches, medium to high for number of primary branches and 1000-seed weight, high to medium for plant height and oil content, and medium to low for seed yield/plant. For the remaining traits, namely, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity and number of seeds per siliqua, the magnitudes of heritability were medium and remained unchanged in both the generations. The estimates of heritability though high in some cases, and moderate to low in most of the cases can be considered to be substantial, particularly for those traits which have been under intense human selection in Indian mustard.
18. SATHRUPA RAO, SUBRATA SHARMA AND MANOJ SHRIVASTAVA [Screening of soybean genotypes for germinability and vigour under abiotic stresses]. Crop Res. 21 (1) : 77-80 (2001). Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Jawaharlal Nehru Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur-482 004 (M. P.), India
ABSTRACT
Soybean genotypes were evaluated for laboratory germination and vigour parameters under various abiotic stresses. The stresses implicated were : Methanol stress test (MST), accelerated ageing test (AAT) and oxygen stress test for 24, 48 and 72 h. Significant variations were recorded amongst the genotypes in regard to seed size, laboratory germination and vigour index, which were influenced by various stresses. JS 93-05, JS 94-09 and JS 91-9 were the elite lines, which had high germinability and were tolerant to oxygen stress with considerable higher tolerance to high humidity and temperature.
19. P. VENKATARAMANA [Variability and correlation studies in groundnut]. Crop Res. 21 (1) : 81-83 (2001) Agricultural Research Station, Chintamani-563 125, Kolar District (Karnataka), India
ABSTRACT
Thirty groundnut genotypes were evaluated for genetic parameters. Genotypic coefficient of variation was high for oil yield, 100-kenel weight and kernel yield. Heritability estimates in broad sense were high for oil content, 100-kernel weight and sound mature kernel per cent. High heritability estimates combined with genetic advance were observed for 100-kernel weight indicating that this character was governed by additive genes. Oil content was positively associated with 100-kernel weight, SMK, kernel yield and oil yield.
20. H. KALITA, R. HANDIQUE2 AND KARAN SINGH [Mating and oviposition behaviour of tea mosquito bug as affected by differences in feeding material and sex ratio]. Crop Res. 21 (1) : 84-87 (2001). Plant Protection Department, Tocklai Experimental Station, Jorhat-785 008 (Assam), India
ABSTRACT
The mating and oviposition behaviour of tea mosquito bug, Helopeltis theivora Waterhouse (Hemiptera : Miridae) was studied on 10 different genotypes of tea in three different sex ratios in the laboratory conditions. The study revealed that the life time mating (LTM) period, LTM period per female, total fecundity and total fecundity per female were maximum in TV1 (47.54 h, 33.49 h, 192.33 and 124.28) and were statistically at par with those in TS-520, TS-491 and TV9, while TV6 and TV18 recorded minimum irrespective of ratios. Amongst the ratios, the LTM period and total fecundity were recorded maximum in the ratio of 1 male : 3 female (51.54 h and 257.10), while average LTM period and total fecundity were highest in the ratio of 3 male : 1 female irrespective of genotypes. The fecundity was increased with the increase of mating period.
21. M. K. YADAV, S. M. MATKAR, A. N. SHARMA, M. BILLORE, K. N. KAPOOR AND G. L. PATIDAR [Efficacy and economics of some new insecticides against defoliators and stem borers of soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merrill]. Crop Res. 21 (1) : 88-92 (2001)
ABSTRACT
The experiment was conducted at National Research Centre for Soybean (NRCS) Indore, during kharif 1998 (rainy season). Eight insecticides, including six new ones which were hitherto not recommended for use in soybean, were tested for their efficacy against defoliators and stem borers infesting soybean crop in predominant area of Madhya Pradesh. In case of tobacco caterpillar (Spodoptera litura), treatment chlorpyriphos 50 EC+cypermethrin 5 EC was found to be the most effective in reducing the population of larvae, followed by quinalphos 20 AF and ethofenprox 10 EC. Against semiloopers (Diachrysia orichalcea, Chrysodeixis acuta and Mocis undata) treatments viz., chlorpyriphos 50 EC+cypermethrin 5 EC and profenophos+cypermethrin 44 EC were effective in keeping the larval population below two larvae per metre followed by lambda-cyhalothrin 5 EC. Insecticide carbosulfan 25 EC was found to be the most toxic to girdle beetle (Obereopsis brevis) followed by chlorpyriphos 50 EC+cypermethrin 5 EC and lambda-cyhalothrin 5 EC. Chlorpyriphos 50 EC+cypermethrin 5 EC, quinalphos 20 AF and ethofenprox 10 EC were highly effective against stem fly (Melanagromyza sojae). Chlorpyriphos 50 EC+cypermethrin 5 EC gave the maximum yield followed by quinalphos 20 AF and lambda-cyhalothrin 5 EC and these insecticidal treatments gave the net return of Rs. 6212/ha, Rs. 6090/ha and Rs. 5878/ha with cost : benefit ratio of 1 : 4.63, 1 : 7.00 and 1 : 8.61, respectively.
22. PADMANABH DWIVEDI [Carbohydrate starvation_induced proteolysis in plants]. Crop Res. 21 (1) : 93-97 (2001). Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EA, U. K.
ABSTRACT
The paper attempted to investigate a relation between protein content and endoproteolytic activity in the second fully expanded leaves and seminal roots of barley plants subjected to prolonged darkness. Further, it explored the possibility of any regulation of proteolytic activity of dark treated tissues by sugar. The experiments suggested that prolonged darkness led to significant decrease in the protein content and a concomitant increase in the proteolytic activity. The study also indicated a possible role of sugar in reversing the proteolytic activity of starved tissues.
23. K. V. S. RAMI REDDY, B. SAHADEVA REDDY AND SHAIK MOHAMMAD [Indirect and simple methods of leaf area estimation in foxtail millet (Setaria italica L.)]. Crop Res. 21 (1) : 98-100 (2001). Regional Agricultural Research Station, Nandyal-518 503 (A. P.), India
ABSTRACT
Indirect and simple methods of leaf area estimation in foxtail millet were attempted from a random sample of 50 leaves. The results indicated that the leaf area can be accurately estimated by the non-destructive method of measuring the length and maximum width of leaves. The linear regression model developed from the product of leaf length and width was 14.70+1.20 p. A simple, rapid and inexpensive method but destructive sampling for foxtail millet leaves was through their dry weight. The regression model was -0.07+0.011 DW.
24. S. D. SUNDER SINGH AND V. RADHA KRISHNA MURTHY [Water use pattern and its efficiency in brinjal under different irrigation management practices]. Crop Res. 21 (1) : 101-104 (2001). Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-500 030, India
ABSTRACT
A field experiment was carried out during rabi season, 1992-93 to study the water use pattern and water use efficiency as influenced by different irrigation management practices in brinjal var. Co 1. Irrigation at 0.45, 0.60 and 0.75 IW/CPE ratio through all furrow method consumed 413, 463 and 513 mm of water and that through alternate furrow method it was 313, 343 and 363 mm, respectively. Adoption of alternate furrow method of irrigation resulted in a saving of irrigation water ranging from 24.2 to 29.2% as compared to all furrow method. Application of coir waste at 10 t ha-1 as mulch combined with irrigation as 0.75 IW/CPE ratio had resulted in a saving of 29% of irrigation water without detrimental effect on fruit yield of brinjal. The water use efficiency (WUE) was higher (60.55 kg ha mm-1) with irrigation at 0.75 IW/CPE ratio scheduled through alternate furrow method followed by that at 0.60 ratio through alternate furrow method. The lowest level of WUE was recorded at 0.45 ratio through all furrow method (44.72 kg ha mm-1). However, the maximum WUE was obtained with irrigation at 0.75 ratio, through alternate furrow method combined with application of coir waste at 10 t ha-1 and kaolin foliar spray at 3% concentration.
25. M. S. BENIWAL, PANKAJ CHAWLA AND RAJENDER SINGH [Comparison of different methods of inoculation and evaluation of wheat material against Neovossia indica (Mitra) Mundkur]. Crop Res. 21 (1) : 105-108 (2001). Department of Plant Pathology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125 004, India
ABSTRACT
Comparative effectiveness of different methods of inoculation on Karnal bunt development indicated that syringe inoculation method at boot stage was most effective with 47.56% infected grains and 29.50% coefficient of infection. The disease development was lowest in spray inoculation method at full earhead emergence stage with only 1.43 and 0.93% infected grains and coefficient of infection, respectively. Out of 50 wheat cultivars/genotypes evaluated, six bread wheat entries were highly resistant, while two durum and four triticale varieties/genotypes were completely free from Karnal bunt infection. Maximum Karnal bunt resistance was observed in triticale followed by durum and bread wheat.
26. S. K. TIWARI AND O. P. DUBEY [Mating behaviour of rice hispa, Dicladispa armigera (Oliver) (Coleoptera : Chrysomelidae)]. Crop Res. 21 (1) : 109-111 (2001). Department of Entomology, J. N. Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Jabalpur-482 004 (M. P.), India
ABSTRACT
Mating behaviour of rice hispa, Dicladispa armigera Oliver was studied. mating started 3-4 days after emergence and continued for 15 days. The number of matings and duration were higher in the afternoon and morning as compared to evening. The mean duration of mating was 149 min with mating frequency of 1.8 per day.
27. K. K. DAHIYA AND R. K. LAKRA [Seasonal occurrence and succession of thrips, Rhipiphorothrips cruentatus Hood in important horticultural crops of Haryana]. Crop Res. 21 (1) : 112-114 (2001). Department of Entomology, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125 004, India
ABSTRACT
The study carried out for nine years (1985-86 to 1993-94) on mixed cropping of Robusta coffee with cardamom v/s mono (sole) crop of Robusta coffee revealed that the cost of cultivation was highest Rs. 40234.67/ha in mixed cropping as against Rs. 26726.80/ha under monocropping. The net returns of Rs. 142689/ha realised in mixed cropping were 4.06 times more than monocropping. The incremental net gain in mixed cropping was Rs. 107584/ha (306.46%) over the monocrop. The financial feasibility measures such as NPW and BCR were also found to be higher by 2.57 and 1.74 times, respectively, in mixed cropping. The mixed cropping of cardamom with Robusta coffee generated income to the farmer over a period of nine months (July-March) and gainful employment both to onfarm labourers and hired agricultural workers in the high ranges of western ghats, round the year. The studies on seasonal occurrence and succession of thrips, Rhipiphorothrips cruentatus on grapevine, mango, guava and jamun were carried out at Research Farm of Department of Horticulture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. On the basis of four years’ investigations, thrips were found feeding the above mentioned host trees round the year. It was also recorded that thrips were polyphagous in nature and succession took place on grapevine, mango, guava and jamun. In severe winter months also, thrips remained active under Haryana conditions.
28. O. R. MISRA, V. S. GAUTAM, E. DINESH, A. M. RAJPUT AND G. L. PATIDAR [Integrated weed management and its economics in soybean (Glycine max)]. Crop Res. 21 (1) : 115-119 (2001). Department of Agronomy, J. N. K. V. V. College of Agriculture, Indore-452 001 (M. P.), India
ABSTRACT
A field experiment was conducted in kharif 1997 to evaluate the integrated effect of different herbicides and their time of applications alongwith interculture operations in soybean on weed control efficiency, crop performance and seed yield. The results revealed that all the weed control treatments i. e. cultural methods, herbicides and their combinations reduced weed density over control. Weed control efficiency was found higher under two hand weedings. Trifluralin and imazethapyr as pre-emergence with interculture operation or as pre-plant incorporation with post-emergence application of imazethapyr were found to be more effective in controlling weed population, weed dry biomass, weed index and increased weed control efficiency at 60 days after sowing (DAS). Herbicide anilophos was more effective on monocot, while imazethapyr, trifluralin and pendimethalin were found effective on dicot weeds. Highest gross return of Rs. 19,985 ha-1 was obtained from two hand weedings but monetary return (Rs. 9,220 ha-1) and cost : benefit ratio (1 : 1.93) were highest under pre-emergence application of trifluralin alongwith interculture at 22 DAS.
29. MOHAMMED IKRAMULLAH AND RANJAN MAHUNTA [Response of rice to the graded levels of NPK fertilizers]. Crop Res. 21 (1) : 120-122 (2001). Department of Agronomy, Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-500 030 (A. P.), India
ABSTRACT
Fertilizers based on soil test or higher levels of nitrogen (25 or 50%) over recommended dose did not improve significantly the yield or yield components of Krishna Hamsa rice during kharif season in southern Telangana region of Andhra Pradesh. Lower levels of phosphorus or potassium than their recommended doses did not cause any significant reduction in rice yield.