Volume 7, Number 2 (August 2006)
For full text, please contact to Editor-in-chief at :info@cropresearch.org
1. K. K. SINGH, S. K. LOHAN, A. S. JAT AND TULSA RANI [New technologies of planting rice for higher production]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 369-371 (2006). Project Directorate for Cropping Systems Research, Modipuram, Meerut-250 110 (U. P.), India
ABSTRACT
Field experiment was conducted to compare the effect of different methods of transplanting of rice on rice yield. The effective field capacity of the transplanter was 0.125 ha/h. The cost of transplanting was Rs. 1152/ha and energy requirement was 230 MJ/ha. The maximum grain yield was observed in mechanical transplanting followed by manual transplanting, direct dry seeding and direct sprouted seeding. The mechanical transplanting significantly increased about 23, 37 and 63% grain yield; 17, 14 and 22% straw yield, and 20, 24 and 39% biological yield over manual transplanting, direct dry seeding and direct seeding of sprouted rice in puddled conditions, respectively
2. M. HALDER AND NARENDRA NATH GOSWAMI [Influence of soil moisture regimes and organic matter application on the availability of Si in rice soil]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 372- 374 (2006). Department of Agricultural Chemistry and Soil Science Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia (West Bengal), India
ABSTRACT
A laboratory incubation experiment was conducted to study the influence of two moisture regimes viz., (i) waterlogged and (ii) saturated and three levels of organic matter viz., 0 (T0), 2.5% (T1) and 5.0% (T2) of soil in their all possible combinations on the extractable (NH4OAC pH 4.8) Si content in two alluvial rice soils of West Bengal. The result showed that extractable Si content recorded marked increase on incubation under all the moisture regimes but the same was most prominent under waterlogged moisture regime. Application of organic matter brought about an increase in the content of this element. Organic matter application combined with waterlogged moisture regime resulted in further increase in the content of extractable Si in soils. The solubilizing effect of organic acids released from decomposed organic matter and the increased concentration of Fe+2 in soils under reducing condition have been suggested as the possible reasons for the observed increase in the content of extractable Si in soils.
3. M. S. RATHORE, D. S. BHATI, M. S. CHANDAWAT, I. SINGH AND R. S. CHAWRA [Performance of arid legumes and their intercropping system with pearl millet to sustain productivity in arid region of Rajasthan]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 375-377 (2006). RAU Agricultural Research Station, Mandor, Jodhpur-342 304 (Rajasthan), India
ABSTRACT
A field experiment was conducted during the kharif seasons of 1998, 2000 and 2001 on loamy sand soils of Agricultural Research Station (RAU, Bikaner), Mandor, Jodhpur to find out an arid legume suitable for intercropping in pearl millet and an appropriate intercropping system to sustain crop productivity and monetary returns. Two arid legumes i. e. clusterbean and mothbean were taken. There were six intercropping systems (Pearl millet : legume row ratios) i. e. 1 : 1, 1 : 2, 2 : 1, 2 : 2, 4 : 2 and 2 : 4 alongwith the sole crops. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications. Clusterbean was more suitable for intercropping in pearl millet as it gave higher mean pearl millet equivalent yield (1351 kg/ha), LER (1.01) and gross monetary returns (Rs. 7454/ha). Intercropping system 2 : 4 (Pearl millet : legume) recorded higher pearl millet equivalent yield, LER and gross monetary returns. The mothbean can only be sown with 2 : 4 row ratios.
4.B. M. PATEL, Y. RAVINDRABABU AND M. M. PATEL [Studies on weed management in grain amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus)]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 378-380 (2006). Regional Research Station S. D. Agricultural University, Sardar Krushi Nagar-385 506 (Gujarat), India.
ABSTRACT
A field experiment was conducted on weed management in grain amaranth (Amaranthus hypochondriacus) during rabi seasons of 1993-94 to 1996-97 at Regional Research Station, Sardar Krushi Nagar. The data revealed that weed-free treatment (two hand weedings at 25 and 50 DAS) recorded minimum weed index, maximum grain yield (1168 kg/ha), highest net realization and high cost : benefit ratio (2.16). However, the crop kept weed-free upto 70 days (CBR : 2.12) and hand weeding at 25 DAS (2.09) were next best treatments.
5. R. SINGARAVEL, K. RADHIKA, V. IMAYAVARAMBAN AND D. ELAYARAJA [Response of cotton to foliar application of micronutrients]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 381-383 (2006). Department of Soil and Agricultural Chemistry Annamalai University, Annamalainagar-608 002 (Tamil Nadu), India.
ABSTRACT
A field experiment on cotton was laid out during February to July 2002 in Annamalai University Experimental Farm in a randomized block design to find out the effect of foliar application of micronutrients on the yield and nutrient uptake by cotton. The experimental soil was clay loam having pH 7.89 and EC 0.45 dSm-1. The treatment consisted of recommended NPK (T1), T1+0.5% Micnelf spraying (T2), T1+1.0% Micnelf spraying (T3), T1+1.5% Micnelf spraying (T4) and T1+2.0% Micnelf spraying (T5). Micnelf is a micronutrient mixture of Fe, Mn, Zn, Cu, B and Mo. The results of the field experiment indicated the efficacy of the foliar application of Micnelf, 1.5% increasing the lint and seed yield and content and uptake of Fe, Mn, Zn and B by cotton.
6. V. IMAYAVARAMBAN, V. SUNDARAVEL RAJAN, G. MURUGAN AND K. THANUNATHAN [Effect of micronutrients on yield and economics of LRA 5166 cotton]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 384-385 (2006). Department of Agronomy Annamalai University, Annamalainagar-608 002 (Tamil Nadu), India.
ABSTRACT
A field study was conducted during February to August 2003 in a randomized block design with five treatments replicated four times by using LRA 5166 cotton at Annamalai University Experimental Farm, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu to evaluate the effect of foliar application of micronutrients mixture Micnelf MS-16 on the yield and economics of cotton. Of the various treatments, application of Micnelf MS-16 @ 1.5% has resulted in increased kapas yield of 1510 kg ha-1, net return of Rs. 2053.40 ha-1 and benefit : cost ratio of 2.19. The least kapas yield of 941 kg ha-1, net return of Rs. 6890.90 ha-1 and benefit : cost ratio of 1.41 were obtained under control (T1).
7. R. K. MAITI*, P. VIDYASAGAR**, K. HARIPRASAD AND V. P. SINGH1 [Evaluation and selection of the parents of some cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) genotypes for salinity tolerance at seedling stage]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 386-391 (2006). Vibha Agrotech Ltd. 501, Subhan Sirisampada, Rajbhavan Road Samajiguda, Hyderabad-500 082 (A. P.), India (e-mail : *rkmaiti@yahoo.com; **pvsagar@sify.com).
ABSTRACT
The paper presents the results on genotypic variability of salinity tolerance of 15 cotton genotypes at the seedling stage using distilled water as control, 0.15 M NaCl and 0.20 M NaCl as saline treatments. With respect to salinity tolerance, increasing NaCl concentration significantly reduced germination, emergence, seedling shoot and root length, showing considerable variation between the cotton genotypes. High heritability for almost all the salinity tolerant traits offers good scope for selection and genetic improvement of cotton. At 0.2 M NaCl, the cotton parents showing greater emergence were VCG-122, VCG-108, VCG-101, VCG-104 and VCG-115, and on the basis of the overall scores, the genotypes showing greater tolerance were VCG-104, VCG-122, VCG-115, VCG-108 and VCG-101. The cotton genotypes tolerant to salinity at the seedling stages could be profitably grown in saline areas and could be used as source materials for genetic improvement of salinity tolerance.
8. NEERA GARG AND RANJU SINGLA [Nodule nitrogen fixation and N-assimilation in desi and Kabuli cultivars of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under salt stress]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 392-400 (2006). Department of Botany Panjab University, Chandigarh-160 014 (Punjab), India.
ABSTRACT
Four cultivars of Cicer arietinum L. (two desi CSG 8962 and DCP 92-3, and two Kabuli CSG 9651 and BG 267) differing in their relative salt sensitivity were compared by studying their nitrogen metabolism in terms of rate of nitrogen fixation, nitrate reduction as well as the activity of ammonia assimilating enzymes, namely, glutamine synthetase (GS), glutamine oxo-glutarate aminotransferase (GOGAT and glutamate dehydrogenase (GDH) in the nodules under varying degrees of salt stress. The cultivars were inoculated with Mesorhizobium ciceri strain F : 75. The plants were subjected to salinity (0, 4, 6 and 8 dS/m NaCl, Na2SO4 and CaCl2) from germination to harvest and the samples were analyzed for various parameters at 40, 70 and 100 days after sowing (DAS). The nodulation (nodule number per plant and their dry mass) increased in tolerant cultivars, while same declined in CSG 8962 and DCP 92-3 under salinity. Acetylene reduction activity (ARA) and the leghemoglobin (Lb) contents reduced significantly with increasing salinity in all cultivars of chickpea. The specific activity of GS, GOGAT and GDH was relatively less affected in the tolerant genotypes CSG 9651 and CSG 8962 as compared to the sensitive BG 267 and DCP 92-3 ones. GOGAT activity was more markedly inhibited than was GS activity by all levels of stress, thereby indicating that GOGAT limits ammonia assimilation by nodules in Cicer arietinum under salt stress. Both the Kabuli genotypes showed higher salt tolerance as compared to the desi genotypes. Moreover, the tolerant cultivars CSG 9651 and CSG 8962 showed higher nitrate reductase (NR) activity, which probably served as index for their salt tolerance through this alternate pathway.
9. H. D. PANCHAL AND J. J. PATEL [Influence of irrigation schedules (IW : CPE ratio) and mulches on growth and yield of summer greengram under middle Gujarat conditions]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 401-403 (2006). Department of Agronomy Anand Agricultural University, Anand-388 110 (Gujarat), India.
ABSTRACT
The field experiment was conducted during summer season, 2003 at College Agronomy Farm, B. A. College of Agriculture, Anand. There were 16 treatment combinations consisting four IW : CPE ratios and four different mulches. Among different treatments 0.7 IW : CPE ratio and organic mulch @ 5 t ha-1 recorded significantly higher seed yield of greengram. The highest net realization (Rs.18515 ha-1) and net ICBR (1 : 7.17) were secured under treatment I2 (0.7 IW : CPE ratio), while among different mulches the highest net realization (Rs. 16289 ha-1) and net ICBR (1 : 1.52) were secured under treatment M1 (organic mulch i. e. Bajra Bhusa @ 5 t ha-1).
10.A. K. MITRA, K. BANERJEE AND A. K. PAL [Effect of different levels of phosphorus and sulphur on yield attributes, seed yield, protein content of seed and economics of summer greengram]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 404- 405 (2006). Department of Agronomy Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur-741 252 (West Bengal), India.
ABSTRACT
A field experiment was carried out during summer season of 2003 and 2004 at Teaching Farm of B. C. K. V. to study the effect of phosphorus and potassium application in summer greengram. Greengram yield increased with the increasing levels of phosphorus and sulphur. Phosphorus applied @ 60 kg P2O5/ha and sulphur applied @ 40 kg S/ha gave highest number of pods/plant, number of seeds/pod, 1000-seed weight, seed yield, net return and net return/rupee invested
11.PARIMAL BARMAN [Seed treatment for improved viability, vigour and storability in Vigna]. Res. on crops 7(2) : 406-408 (2006). Department of Seed Science and Technology Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur-741 252, Nadia (West Bangal), India.
ABSTRACT
Seed invigoration treatment, if properly given to the Vigna seeds, improves seed performance resulting in improved germinability and greater storability than the corresponding untreated control seeds. In our present study, a comparative study of the efficacy of seed invigoration treatment of different genotypes of Vigna species was done to evaluate the effect of such invigoration treatments on germinability and storability and to check the rapid deterioration of stored seeds by minimising the loss of viability. For that purpose the seeds were given a soaking treatment in water or dilute solutions in an array of available chemicals at a standard dose. Standard germination percentages were considered for statistical analysis following Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at 5% level of significance. The present results clearly demonstrate that very simple and easy to perform dry and soaking seed treatments, especially with inexpensive dried plant preparations and organic acids greatly improved seed storability. Such treatment should be of considerable practical advantage of farmers in resource-poor third world countries.
12.SUDEEP SINGH AND G. S. BUTTAR [Response of different varieties of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.) to varying fertility levels under semi-arid conditions of Punjab]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 409-410 (2006). PAU Regional Station, Bathinda- 151 001 (Punjab), India.
ABSTRACT
A field experiment was conducted during rabi 2003-04 at Punjab Agricultural University Regional Research Station, Bathinda to study the effect of different fertilizer doses on the performance of various varieties of Indian mustard (Brassica juncea L.). The significantly higher seed yield was recorded when fertilizer was applied at the rate of 125% of the recommended fertilizer as compared to 75 and 150% of the recommended fertilizers, respectively. Amongst various varieties, the highest yield was recorded in JGM 01-15, which was significantly higher as compared to all other varieties.
13. R. K. MAITI*, P. VIDYASAGAR**, S. C. SHAHAPUR, K. HARIPRASAD AND V.P. SINGH1 [Genotypic variability in salinity tolerance of some sunflower hybrids and parents (Helianthus annuus L.)]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 411-419 (2006). Vibha Agrotech Ltd. 501, Subhan Sirisampada, Rajbhavan Road Samajiguda, Hyderabad- 500 082 (A. P.), India (e-mail : *rkmaiti@yahoo.com; **pvsagar@sify.com).
ABSTRACT
The present study reports the results of the evaluation of some sunflower hybrids and parents for salinity tolerance at the seedling stage. Sunflower is highly susceptible to salinity. Increasing saline concentration decreased seed germination and significant differences in salinity tolerance were observed among sunflower genotypes. High heritability (broad sense) observed in some of the seedling traits such as emergence, shoot and root length could be used as a selection criteria for the genetic improvement of salinity tolerance. Some sunflower hybrids and parents (both A and R lines) have been selected for salinity tolerance at the seedling stage, which could be combined to make hybrids with improved salinity tolerance, such as A-210019, R-230057, R-230021, A-210010, H-1080, H-3002, H-2005, H-3001, 230078, 210019, VMS-2, H-20033, H-3002, H-1025, H-3002 and H-1033. Therefore, the salinity tolerance of the hybrids selected from both the experiments could be tested in saline prone areas in the fields. High heritability for salinity tolerance traits offers good scope for selection and genetic improvement. Therefore, the seedling traits emergence, shoot and root length could be used as the selection criteria for the genetic improvement of salinity tolerance to salinity. It is also recommended that the selected parents (A, R lines) could be used in making hybrids. Then these hybrids could be further tested both in the laboratory and field conditions for salinity tolerance.
14.RAMANI KANTA THAKURIA, HARBIR SINGH AND TEJ SINGH [Effect of irrigation and antitranspirants on seed and oil yields, and quality of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.)]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 420-422 (2006). Department of Agronomy CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125 004 (Haryana), India.
ABSTRACT
Field and laboratory studies were conducted on spring sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) during 1999-2000 in sandy loam soil at Hisar, Haryana to see the effect of five irrigation levels and four antitranspirants on seed yield and its attributes, oil and protein content in seed and also on oil and protein yields. Irrigation scheduled once each at seedling, buttoning, flowering and seed developing stages recorded significantly highest value(s) of seed yield and its attributes, seed protein content and its yield. Except the significantly highest (5.21 q/ha) oil yield by Kaolin during 2000, application of various antitranspirants had no significant effect either on seed yield and its attributes or biochemical parameters. Interaction effect between irrigation levels and antitranspirants was, however, observed to be non-significant.
15.Y. SIVA LAKSHMI AND A. SAMBASIVA REDDY [Effect of nitrogen and phosphorus on oil content and nutrient uptake in rabi castor]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 423-425 (2006). Department of Agronomy Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad (A. P.), India.
ABSTRACT
A field experiment was conducted at College Farm, College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad on sandy clay loam soil during rabi 2001-02 and 2002-03. Oil content was not significantly influenced either with nitrogen or with phosphorus levels. Oil yield, protein content, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake in seed and stalks increased significantly with each increase in nitrogen level upto 80 kg ha-1. The difference between 80 and 120 kg N ha-1 was not significant. Oil yield, protein content, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake in seed and stalks were higher with 60 kg P2O5 ha-1 followed by 30 kg P2O5 ha-1 and control.
16. 16. K. THANUNATHAN, M. THIRUPPATHI, M. LEOPOLD AND V. IMAYAVARAMBAN [Nutrient management for sesame under water constraint situation]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 426-428 (2006). Department of Agronomy Annamalai University, Annamalainagar-608 002 (Tamil Nadu), India.
ABSTRACT
Field experiments were conducted during Kuruvai season of 2003 at Annamalai University Experimental Farm and farmers’ field simultaneously, to evolve an appropriate nutrient management practice for sesame grown as an alternate crop under moisture constraint situation. The treatment consisted of individual and combined application of N and K through soil and foliar feeding viz., four levels of N and K (100, 75, 50 and 25% recommended dose) and two levels of foliar application of N and K viz., 0.5 and 0.1% at 15 and 30 DAS. A uniform dose of P2O5 (23 kg ha-1) was applied to all treatments. The results revealed that soil application of 75% recommended N and K alongwith foliar spray of 1% N and K at 15 and 30 DAS significantly influenced the growth characters, yield attributes and yield of sesame grown as an alternate crop for rice during Kuruvai under moisture constraint situation. .
17. P. N. RASAL AND V. N. GAVHANE [Effect of flowering pattern on yield of different genotypes of kharif oilseeds] Res. on crops 7 (2) : 429-432 (2006). MPKV Agricultural Research Station, Niphad-422 303 (M. S.), India.
ABSTRACT
The field experiments on oilseed crops comprising 12 genotypes of sesamum and 23 genotypes of bunch groundnut were conducted separately during kharif season of 2004 to study the flowering pattern and its effects on yield. The results revealed that, in sesamum, the genotype SMVT 411 produced significantly higher seed yield of 7.86 g/plant followed by SMVT 406 (7.00 g/plant) and SMVT 408 (5.96 g/plant). The higher seed yield in these genotypes was attributed to maximum fruits set per cent, higher number of fruits and higher total number of flowers produced/plant. In bunch type of groundnut crop, the genotype JLW 116 produced significantly higher pod yield of 9.66 g/plant followed by JLW 117 and JLW 114 (8.33 g/plant) due to their maximum efficiency of pod formation and higher number of pods produced/plant. Higher production of the flowers mostly in the first flush is desirable for obtaining high pod yield in bunch type of groundnut genotypes.
18.M. YUGANDHAR REDDY, G. R. LAVANYA AND G. SURESH BABU [Estimation of genetic divergence in irrigated early type rice germplasm]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 433-436 (2006). Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding Allahabad Agricultural Institute-Deemed University, Allahabad-211 007 (U. P.), India..
ABSTRACT
Genetic divergence, using Mahalanobis’s D2-statistic and Tocher’s method, was worked out in 64 early rice genotypes. Based on 10 yield contributing characters, these genotypes were constellated into 13 clusters. Cluster I evolved as the largest cluster with 20 genotypes followed by clusters V, II, VIII and X with 12, 11, 8 and 5 genotypes, respectively. Clusters III, IV, VI, VII, IX, XI, XII and XIII were monogenotypic, consisting one genotype each. There was no relationship observed between geographical distribution and genetic diversity. The average inter-cluster distance was maximum between clusters XI and XIII (292.30) followed by clusters IX and XII (247.48), suggesting that hybridization between the genotypes included in these clusters is expected to generate heterotic combinations and thus facilitates the isolation of desirable genotypes. Per cent contribution of characters viz., 1000-grain weight, plant height, grain yield/plant and number of spikelets/panicle was found maximum in two genetic divergence indicating that due consideration should be given to these characters while selecting parents from distant clusters for hybridization.
19. S. CHITRA, C. R. ANANDA KUMAR AND L. SUBHA [Studying heterosis for grain yield and its components in F1 (hybrid) rice]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 437-439 (2006). Department of Agricultural Botany TNAU Agricultural College and Research Institute, Killikulam, Coimbatore-641 003 (Tamil Nadu), India.
ABSTRACT
Heterosis in hybrid rice was studied in the 2000 pishanam season under irrigated condition. Some of 64 F1 hybrids developed by using eight lines (Assam Rice Collection) viz., ARC 7140, ARC 11979, ARC 12194, ARC 12451, ARC 14763, ARC 15759, ARC 18023 and ARC 18214 and eight testers viz., AS 90033, ADT 41, ADT 42, ADT 43, ASD 16, IR 64, CO 47 and MDU 5 were grown including the standard variety ASD 16 in randomized block design with three replications. The standard heterosis of F1 hybrids of these traits was calculated over ASD 16. Significant and non-significant expression of standard heterosis was observed for all the traits. It was both positive and negative for grain yield plant-1 (-29.63 to 106.48), grains panicle-1 (20.40 to 66.49), panicle length (-36.04 to 43.18) and 100-grain weight (-31.74 to 38.09) and positive for panicle plant-1 (3.90 to 221.09). Standard heterosis was observed in 39 hybrids in grain yield plant-1, in 45 hybrids in grains panicle-1, in 17 hybrids for panicle length and eight hybrids for 100-grain weight. The hybrid ARC 14763 x ASD 16 showed high standard heterosis for grain yield and it also expressed positive and significant heterosis for other characters.
20. HEMLATA SHARMA, P. K. SAREEN, R. P. SAHARAN, R. C. YADAV AND S. M. S. TOMAR [Genetic analysis of fertility restoration in wheat using microsatellite marker]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 440-442 (2006). Department of Genetics CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125 004 (Haryana), India.
ABSTRACT
The gene determining the fertility restoration was mapped by analyzing F2 population. The population having 4101R was used for mapping population. Genetic analysis was done by studying the inheritance pattern and molecular mapping of fertility restorer gene was the cross arar CMS 343 x 4101R of wheat. Seventy-two wheat microsatellite primer pairs were screened for polymorphism between the parents and between two bulks representing fertile and sterile plants. Of these 72 wheat microsatellite markers, only 19 markers showed polymorphism wheat microsatellite marker. Xgwm-498 marker was found to be closely linked to Rf gene at 4B chromosome at a distance of 3.4 cM away from the Rf gene. The PCR-based microsatellite markers were shown to be very effective for the detection of the fertility restorer gene in segregating population and therefore can be applied in wheat breeding.
21.GUL ZAFAR, ASIF B. SHIKARI AND M. ASHRAF RARTHER [Correlation of seedling macro-nutrient content with cold tolerance related traits in maize (Zea mays L.)]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 443-444 (2006). Division of Plant Breeding & Genetics Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences & Technology, Kashmir (J & K), India.
ABSTRACT
In order to find out the relationship of seedling nutrient status with cold tolerance in maize (Zea mays L.), an experiment was carried cut with 44 genotypes, which comprised cold tolerant and cold susceptible lines. Significantly high positive correlations were found between juvenile plant height and seedling dry weight with seedling nitrogen and phosphorus content (%). Genotypes with greater root mass were accompanied by high seedling phosphorus. Potassium percentage of seedlings was not related to any of the primary cold tolerance attributes under study. Rank summation index calculated involving these four cold tolerance traits recorded significant correlation with seedling nitrogen content. Lines showing high seedling nitrogen or phosphorus are likely to exhibit tolerance to low early spring temperatures at higher hills.
22. S. SARAVANAN, K. KOODALINGAM AND T. S. RAVEENDRAN [Genetic analysis of quantitative and qualitative traits in Gossypium arboreum L.]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 445-446 (2006). Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641 003 (Tamil Nadu), India.
ABSTRACT
Six parents and 36 hybrids of desi cotton (Gossypium arboreum) were evaluated for genetic parameters for yield, days to flower initiation, plant height, sympodia per plant, bolls per plant, boll weight, seed index, lint index, ginning per cent, micronaire value, uniformity ratio, bundle strength, 2.5% span length and elongation ratio. Test for the diallel assumptions was valid for all the traits. Eight traits viz., sympodia per plant, lint index, 2.5% span length, uniformity ratio, micronaire value, bundle strength and elongation per cent were governed by overdominance. Seed index and uniformity ratio were governed by additiveness. The higher value of (H1/D)0.5 indicated the predominant role of additivenes for the qualitative traits, while kD/kR indicated the predominance of dominance controlling most of the qualitative and quantitative traits.
23. S. SARAVANAN, K. KOODALINGAM AND T. S. RAVEENDRAN [Interpretation of hybrid vigour in intraspecific crosses of Gossypium arboreum L.]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 447-448 (2006). Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641 003 (Tamil Nadu), India.
ABSTRACT
Thirty-six F1 hybrids of desi cotton (Gossypium arboreum) in a full diallel fashion involving six parents were studied to find out the extent of heterosis for 14 different characters viz., yield, days to flower initiation, plant height, sympodia per plant, bolls per plant, boll weight, seed index, lint index, ginning per cent, micronaire value, uniformity ratio, bundle strength, 2.5% span length and elongation ratio. There was appreciable heterosis for all the traits studied. The best performing F1 hybrid P 4 x P 6 showed the highest mid parent heterosis while PA 398 x PA 304 registered the highest heterobeltiosis. For seed cotton yield per plant, heterosis ranged from -23.50 to 206.67% and -33.25 to 101.77% over mid parent and better parents, respectively. The hybrids PA 304 x PA 255 and PA 398 x PA 304 were found to be superior for 11 traits, while the crosses PA 255 x PA 304, PA 314 x PA 402, PA 402 x PA 405, PA 314 x PA 398, PA 405 x PA 314 and PA 314 x PA 398 registered superior for 10 different traits.
24. S. SARAVANAN, K. KOODALINGAM AND T. S. RAVEENDRAN [Association analysis of some quantitative and qualitative traits in intraspecific crosses of desi cotton (Gossypium arboreum L.)]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 449-452 (2006). Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641 003 (Tamil Nadu), India.
ABSTRACT
Correlation studies indicated intensive selection on the positive side for plant height, sympodia per plant, bolls per plant and micronaire value since these characters showed positive correlation with seed cotton yield and also positive correlation among themselves. Seed index, lint index, 2.5% span length and bundle strength though had positively non-significant correlation with seed cotton yield which were also used in selection for better seed cotton yield. Uniformity ratio and elongation per cent showed negative correlation with seed cotton yield and hence a compromise towards selection is required in this case. Path coefficient analysis further revealed that bolls per plant played a major role in determining the seed cotton yield.
25. ANJU PATHANIA* AND B. C. SOOD [Spectrum and frequency of mutations induced by gamma-rays and EMS in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 453-457 (2006). Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062 (H. P.), India *(e-mail : anju_pathania@rediffmail.com).
ABSTRACT
A comparative study of spectrum and frequency of chlorophyll and viable mutations induced by physical (gamma-rays) and chemical mutagen (EMS) was made in M2 generations of two chickpea varieties, HPG-17 (bold seeded desi type) and Himachal Chana-1 (small seeded desi type). The treatments included three doses of gamma-rays (30, 40 and 50 kR) and two concentrations of EMS (0.15 and 0.30%) in HPG-17 and three concentrations of EMS (0.15, 0.30 and 0.45%) in Himachal Chana-1. The spectrum and frequency of four different chlorophyll mutations in the order of viridis (6.72%), chlorina (1.68%), xantha (1.26%), albina (0.42%) and viable mutations in the order of sterile (1.68%) and narrow leaved (1.26%) were recorded on M2 family basis. The small seeded variety (Himachal Chana-1) was more responsive to mutations with high frequency of chlorophyll mutations; however, viable mutations were high in case of bold seeded variety (HPG-17). EMS was found to be more effective in inducing mutations in small seeded variety and gamma-rays in bold seeded type.
26.KULDEEP TYAGI, AJAY KUMAR TOMER, VINOD KUMAR SINGH AND RAJESHWER NANDAN [Heterosis and inbreeding depression in mungbean [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek]]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 458-460 (2006). Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding Institute of Agricultural Sciences Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221 005 (U. P.), India.
ABSTRACT
Heterosis over BP and MP and inbreeding depression for 10 characters were estimated among four hybrids involving seven parents in mungbean. All the crosses showed positive heterosis over BP and MP for days to 50% flowering, days to maturity and plant height. However, the positive (desirable) and most significant heterosis over BP and MP was observed for number of secondary branches in the hybrid BDYR 1 x HUM 2, for pod length in BDYR 1 x HUM 1 and for number of pods per plant and seed yield in PDM 84-139 x Pusa 9531. The highest yield heterosis was evident in hybrid PDM 84-139 x Pusa 8531 which also exhibited the highest heterosis for pods per plant. Certain hybrids like HUM x BDYR 2 and PDM 84-139 x Pusa 9531 for days to maturity and BDYR 1 x HUM 1 for days to 50% flowering and number of secondary branches showed significantly positive heterosis followed by the high degree of inbreeding depression. Such hybrids showed non-additive gene effect. In crosses where non-additive gene effects are important, heterosis breeding may be suggested for improving the respective traits.
27.CHAITANYA UDDARAJU, P. A. NAVALE AND S. R. KARAD [Genetic variability in M3 mutants of cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 461-463 (2006). Department of Agricultural Botany College of Agriculture, Pune-411 005 (M. S.), India.
ABSTRACT
The present investigation of genetic variability and heritability was studied in a set of 99 mutant lines of cowpea from M3 generation alongwith their three parents. A wide range of genetic variability was observed in yield and yield components. The parameters of genetic variability revealed high GCV values for characters like test weight (35.88%), dry biomass, number of seeds pod-1, grain yield plant-1 and fresh biomass. The PCV values were higher than GCV values for all the traits. While the differences between PCV and GCV magnitude were minimum for days to 50% flowering. Apart from the variability studies, the mutants were classified based on variety and doses of gamma radiation. It revealed that the gamma radiations produced mutants with early flowering, increased number of pods, pod length, number of seeds pod-1 and grain yield plant-1. However, radiations brought about reduced performance for days to maturity and biomass. The estimates of heritability (b. s.) and genetic advance were high for test weight, days to 50% flowering and pod length.
28. FARHATULLAH*, N. AKHTAR AND I. H. KHALIL [Genetic divergence in barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 464-470 (2006). Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics NWFP Agricultural University, Peshawar, Pakistan (*e-mail : aliawaisj@hotmail.com).
ABSTRACT
To assess the effect of tester on manifestation of heterosis in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), two inbred lines (TF 7 and TF 11) were crossed with three testers (TR 6, TR 13 and TR 6023) in a line x tester fashion. The F1 hybrids were significantly different for days to flowering (DF), plant height (PH), leaf area plant-1 (LA), head diameter (HD), stem diameter (SD), seeds head-1 (SH), 1000-seed weight (TSW), grain yield ha-1 and oil content (OC). The inbred line TF 7 was superior for all characters excluding SD and SH. Among the testers, TR 6023 was the best for all characters except DF and LA. All hybrids were statistically similar for TSW, HD and SH. The TF 7 was the best combiner with TR 6023 for DF and with TR 13 for LA, SH and YH. The inbred line TF 11 in combination with TR 6023 was the best for HD, SD and OC. The mid parent heterosis (MP) and high parent heterobeltiosis (HP) were found significant (P<0.01) for HD, SD and YH. The MP (in half of the crosses) and HP (in one third of crosses) were significant for DF and PH, respectively. Only 33% hybrids had significant (P<0.05) MP for OC. The range of contribution of lines (0.64 to 84.49%), testers (8.65 to 78.88%) and their interaction (2.30 to 56.99%) was calculated. The genotype TF-11 and tester TR-13 had the highest gca effects for SD. The performance of the cross TF-11 x TR-13 (DF, PH and SD), L1T 3 (PH, SH and OC) and TF 11 x TR 6023 (DF, HD, SD, TSW and SY) was better.
29.M. S. LAVANYA, S. THIRUGNANA KUMAR, J. GOKULA KRISHNAN, N. SENTHIL KUMAR, R. ESWARAN AND A. ANANDAN [Genetic analysis for seed yield and its component characters in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 471-473 (2006). Department of Agricultural Botany Annamalai University, Annamalainagar-608 002 (Tamil Nadu), India.
ABSTRACT
Genetics of seven quantitative traits of sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) was studied through a full diallel cross involving six genotpes. The yield characters like days to 50% flowering, plant height at maturity, number of branches per plant, number of capsules per plant, number of seeds per capsule, 1000-seed weight and seed yield per plant were observed. Data from the parents and F1 crosses were analysed using Hayman (1954) method of diallel analysis. The estimates of D were significant for five out of the seven traits studied. The values of H1 and H2 as well as the H2/4H1 indicated that there were unequal frequencies of alleles at all the loci for all the characters studied, excepting 1000-seed weight. The values of F and the ratio of (4DH1)1/2+F/(4DH1)1/2-F indicated the presence of excess of recessive alleles in the expression of all the traits of interest. The mean degree of dominance was more than unity for six out of the seven traits studied. The narrow sense heritability estimates were always high.
30. SUKHVINDER SINGH, N. K. DHAMA, ANJU RANI, M. NARAYANA BHAT AND B. P. SINGH [Efficacy of inorganic salts against Rhizoctonia solani, the incitant of stem canker and black scurf of potato]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 474-477 (2006). Department of Plant Pathology Central Potato Research Institute Campus (CPRIC), Modipuram, Meerut-250 110 (U. P.), India.
ABSTRACT
Forty inorganic salts were tested against the mycelial growth of two isolates of Rhizoctonia solani, the incitant of black scurf and stem canker and root rot of potato. Ammonium molybdate, cupric sulphate, ferric chloride, potassium metabisulfite, di sodium tetra borate and salicylic acid were cent per cent inhibitory against both the isolates at 20 mM. Nineteen salts, which showed >50% inhibition against both the isolates, were further tested at 1 and 10 mM. Di sodium tetra borate was cent per cent inhibitory against black scurf isolate at 1 mM, while potassium metabisulfite showed the highest inhibition (94.4%) against stem canker and root rot isolate at the same concentration. At 10 mM, cupric sulphate, EDTA, ferric chloride and di sodium tetra borate completely inhibited both the isolates. Inhibition % mean in steam and membrane filtered salts were at par and non-significant against black scurf isolate.
31. A. KAMBOJ, J. S. RANA, OMBIR AND K. K. DAHIYA [Natural parasitization of cabbage butterfly, Pieris brassicae (Pieridae : Lepidoptera) under field conditions]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 478-479 (2006). Department of Entomology CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125 004 (Haryana), India.
ABSTRACT
Apanteles sp. a parasitoid, and Serratia sp. and Bacillus sp. two entomopathogenic bacteria were observed as biotic factors responsible for the mortality of Pieris brassicae infesting Brassica sp. under field conditions during 2002. The total larval mortality due to these natural enemies was 12.7-51.96% during February to April. Whereas larval mortality was 3.89-12.19% by Apanteles sp., 5.21-24.85% by Serratia sp. and 2.45-12.02% by Bacillus sp. Maximum bacterial infection and parasitization were observed in the month of April.
32. S. B. LALAGE AND K. L. DOBARIYA [Analysis of in vitro morphogenesis in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 480-483 (2006). Department of Agricultural Botany Junagadh Agricultural University, Junagadh-362 001 (Gujarat), India.
ABSTRACT
In vitro shoot regeneration was attempted using cotyledon and young leaf derived callus of five genotypes of tomato. The callus pieces were cultured on MS medium supplemented with BA (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 mg l-1), NAA (0.5 mg l-1) and IAA (1.0 mg l-1) alone as well as in combination for testing the regeneration potential. Significant differences were observed among the genotypes, explants, media and their interactions for regeneration response. Pusa Ruby as a genotype, callus derived from young leaf explant and MS+2.0 mg l-1 BA+1.0 mg l-1 IAA as a culture medium were the most responsive for achieving higher regeneration response. BA-IAA combinations were found superior to BA-NAA combinations for shoot regeneration. Root induction in shoots was highly dependent on genotypes and rooting media. The shoots of Pusa Ruby and hormone-free half strength MS medium were the best for obtaining higher rooting response. The rooted shoots were established in earthen pots filled with a potting mixture of sand, soil and FYM in 1 : 1 : 1 ratio.
33.N. SHOBA, S. NATARAJAN AND D. VEERARAGAVATHATHAM [Stability analysis in tomato for heat tolerance]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 484-488 (2006). Department of Vegetable Crops Horticultural College and Research Institute Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641 003 (Tamil Nadu), India.
ABSTRACT
Sixty F1 hybrids and their 11 parents were grown in randomized block design to study the stability of hybrids over different environments for yield. Based on the stability analysis, the genotypes are grouped as Group A (suitable for both normal and stress environments), Group B (suitable for normal environment only) and Group C (suitable for stress environment only).
34. T. K. HAZARIKA AND D. B. PHOOKAN [Studies on the off-season performance of different tomato cultivars under plastic rainshelter]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 489-492 (2006). Department of Horticulture Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat (Assam), India.
ABSTRACT
A study was conducted during 2002 at Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat to evaluate 27 cultivars of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) in relation to different growth and yield attributing characters under plastic rainshelter during summer season. Out of all the cultivars, cultivar Yash recorded the maximum yield of 1.76 kg per plant followed by Arka Ahuti (1.57 kg) and Arka Ashish (1.40 kg). Yash also recorded maximum plant height (152.40 cm), branch number (14.07), fruit setting percentage (83.96), marketable fruit per plant (31.47) and yield per 100 m2 (6.51 q). The flowers per inflorescence were found highest in cultivar BT1 (8.38) followed by Yash (8.00) and DRD-8014 (7.78). On the other hand, Arka Ahuti recorded the highest retention of matured fruits (92.89%) followed by Punjab Chhuhara (92.57%). Yash also recorded the maximum cost : benefit ratio of 1 : 4.04 followed by Arka Ahuti (1 : 3.54) and Arka Ashish (1 : 3.49), respectively.
35. MEGHA UPADHYAY, J. P. S. GAUTAM, ANITA SINGH AND ARADHANA JOSHI [Correlation studies in exotic tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) cultivars]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 493-495 (2006). Department of Vegetable Science G. B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar-263 145 (Uttaranchal), India.
ABSTRACT
Correlation analysis of 26 genotypes of tomato was done for number of flowers per cluster, flower clusters at first picking, number of fruits per cluster, weight per fruit, yield per plant, total yield, TSS and juice percentage. Improvement in yield could be managed by selection for number of flowers per cluster, flower clusters at first picking, number of fruits per cluster and weight per fruit.
36. S. MAKESH, N. RAMASWAMY AND M. PUDDAN [Character association and path coefficient analysis in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 496-499 (2006). Department of Horticulture Agricultural College and Research Institute Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai-625 104 (Tamil Nadu), India.
ABSTRACT
The study on correlation and path analysis in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) showed that yield per plant was positively and significantly correlated with number of fruits per plant, plant height, number of laterals per plant, number of fruits per cluster and negatively correlated with number of locules per fruit and flesh thickness. The number of fruits per plant followed by plant height and total soluble solids exhibited positive direct effect on yield. Path analysis indicated that number of fruits per plant, total soluble solids and acidity had positive and direct influence on yield, while number of laterals per plant, number of fruits per cluster and flesh thickness had negative direct effect on yield. The narrow difference between genotypic and phenotypic values suggested less environmental influence controlling relationship between the traits.
37. B. A. College of Agriculture Gujarat Agricultural University, Anand Campus, Anand-388 110 (Gujarat), India [Studies on heterosis in round brinjal over environments*]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 500-509 (2006). B. A. College of Agriculture Gujarat Agricultural University, Anand Campus, Anand-388 110 (Gujarat), India.
ABSTRACT
The manifestation of hybrid vigour in 45 round brinjal hybrids was studied for fruit yield, yield components, quality and physiological characters during summer, kharif and late summer seasons. Performance of the genotypes was noticed to vary with the season and maximum fruit yields were recorded during kharif season. The hybrids were in general high yielding and tall with greater plant spread and leaf area per plant, in addition to lower total phenols, compared to the parents, during all the seasons studied. Further, varying magnitudes of hybrid vigour were observed for fruit yield, yield components, quality and physiological characters during the different seasons studied. The heterobeltiotic effects were in general pronounced during summer seasons, while standard heterosis was higher during kharif. Significant and desirable levels of heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis were noticed in several hybrids for the different traits studied indicating the potential of round brinjal hybrids for cultivation during the different seasons studied. The study revealed the potential of JBPR 1 parent during kharif; and KS 224 and PLR 1 parents during late summer season for production of heterotic and high yielding round brinjal hybrids. The hybrid combination, PLR 1 x JBPR 1 was identified for cultivation during all the three brinjal growing seasons, while the hybrids AB 98-13 x JBPR 1 and KS 224 x Bombay Gulabi were identified for kharif; and KS 224 x PLR 1, KS 224 x AB 98-10 and PLR 1 x Morvi 4-2 were identified for late summer season.
38. G. R. KUMARESAN, S. MAKESH AND N. RAMASWAMY [Character association and path coefficient studies in snake gourd (Trichosanthes anguina L.)]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 510-513 (2006). Department of Horticulture T. N. A. U. Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai-625 104 (Tamil Nadu), India.
ABSTRACT
Yield per vine in snake gourd was positively associated with main vine length, number of fruits per vine, fruit weight, number of seeds per fruit, seed weight per fruit and vitamin ‘C’ content of the fruits. However, negative association was observed with days to first female flower opening, days to first male flower opening, fruit length, fruit girth and acid content of the fruit. This indicates that the selection for the characters will simultaneously result in improving the yield per vine. Path coefficient analysis revealed that it would be highly rewarding to lay emphasis on number of fruits per vine and fruit weight so to increase the yield per vine directly.
39. C. TAMILMANI [Pigment changes during the ripening of bittergourd fruit (Momordica charantia L.)]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 514-516 (2006). Department of Botany Annamalai University, Annamalainagar-608 002 (Tamil Nadu), India.
ABSTRACT
The colour of the fruit changed from green to yellow and finally to orange when the fruit was over ripened. The chlorophyll a, b, total chlorophyll and chlorophyll a/b decreased, while the carotenoids (carotenes xanthophylls) and anthocyanins increased during ripening. The content of chlorophyll and anthocyanins was always higher in the epicarp than in the endocarp. The xanthophyll content was always higher than that of carotenes both in the epicarp and in the endocarp during ripening.
40. SNEH GOYAL*, KAZUNORI SAKAMOTO AND KAZUYUKI INUBUSHI [Decomposition of sewage sludge compost and its effect on soil microbial biomass and growth of spinach]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 517-521 (2006). Faculty of Horticulture Chiba University, Matsudo City-271 8510, Japan *(e-mail : snehgoyal@hau.ernet.in).
ABSTRACT
A laboratory incubation experiment was carried out to study the decomposition of two different composts, prepared from co-composting of sewage sludge with rice husk (SSR) and sewage sludge with saw dust (SSS). These composts were applied to a clay soil derived from territory rock at two different rates, 10 and 20 t ha-1. About 16 to 21% of added C was mineralized to CO2-C and percentage mineralization of both the composts decreased with increasing rate of composts amendments. Microbial biomass C also increased with the addition of both composts and it further increased with increasing rate of composts addition. Amount of ammoniacal and nitrate nitrogen increased with the amendments of soil with composts. Losses of N through denitrification resulted in lower nitrate content at 90 days. More dry matter and NPK uptake were observed by addition of these composts to soil which acted as a source of different plant nutrients.
41. K. M. ABDUL KHADER* AND S. MINI [Correlation and path coefficient analysis in wax type chilli (Capsicum annuum L.)]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 522-525 (2006). Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics College of Agriculture, Vellayani-695 522, Thiruvananthapuram (Kerala), India *(e-mail : shikhana@eth.net).
ABSTRACT
Twenty-five accessions of wax type chilli collected from different agroclimatic regions of south India were evaluated during summer 2002-03 for genetic variability, character association and path coefficient analysis. Significant genotypic variation was observed for almost all the characters studied. Number of fruits per plant showed a positive and significant association with plant height and number of primary branches, and a negative association with fruit length. Direct effects of number of fruits per plant and average fruit weight on green fruit yield per plant were high and positive. Therefore, selection for these characters would be useful for developing high yielding varieties
42. A. KIRAN KUMAR, G. SREEHARI AND A. VENKAT REDDY [Integrated nutrient management in chilli (Capsicum annuum L.) under irrigated conditions in N. T. Zone of Andhra Pradesh]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 526-528 (2006). ANGRAU J. V. R. Horticultural Research Station, Malyal, Warangal-506 101 (A. P.), India.
ABSTRACT
A field experiment was conducted during 2002-03 and 2003-04 in kharif season at J. V. R. Horticultural Research Station, Malyal, Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University, Andhra Pradesh to study the effect of organic manure (Neem cake @ 1 and 2 q ha-1 and poultry manure @ 5 and 10 t ha-1) in combination with nitrogen fertilizer on growth and yield of chilli. Poultry manure @ 10 t+75% recommended dose of N ha-1 recorded significantly maximum fresh (76.9 q/ha) and dry pod yield (24.5 q/ha). Plant height, spread, fruit length and girth were non-significant. Mean number of fruits (176.6), fresh weight (300.7 g) and dry weight (106.5 g) per hill were significantly maximum in poultry manure @ 10 t + 75% recommended N fertilizer
43. A. VENKAT REDDY, G. SREEHARI, A. KIRAN KUMAR AND K. MALLA REDDY [Testing of certain new insecticides for seed treatment purpose in chilli against thrips (Scirtothrips dorsalis)]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 529-531 (2006). ANGRAU J. V. R. Horticultural Research Station, Malyal, Warangal-506 101 (Andhra Pradesh), India.
ABSTRACT
The field experiment was conducted to examine the efficacy of three seed treatment insecticides in RBD with four replications during kharif 2002-03, 2003-04 and 2004-05 in chilli using LCA-206 as test variety. Imidacloprid 75% WS @ 5 and 8 g/kg seed, acetamiprid 20% SP @ 5 and 10 g/kg seed and thiomethoxam 75% WS @ 5 and 10 g/kg seed were used as treatments. The effect of seed treatment chemicals on the incidence of thrips, seed germination and phytotoxicity was examined. From the study, it was evident that the efficacy of all the treatments against thrips reduced with increase in days after sowing. However, among the treatments, thiomethoxam 75% WS @ 10 g/kg seed was found to be significantly superior in efficacy against thrips upto 15 days after sowing followed by thiomethoxam 75% WS @ 8 g/kg seed. At 30 days after sowing, among the treatments, the efficacy was found to be non-significant, but significantly superior over control. From the study it was also clear that none of the treatments had shown any effect on seed germination and phytotoxicity was also found to be nil.
44. SHARANAPPA JANAGANDI, K. S. RAJASHEKARAPPA, R. JAYARAMAIAH, H. R. BASAVARAJAPPA, T. RUDRAMUNI, P. R. PHANIKUMAR AND N. JAYAPRAKASH [Impact of surface mulches on soil moisture conservation and productivity of banana cv. Robusta]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 532-534 (2006). Zonal Agricultural Research Station, Babbur Farm, Hiriyur-572 143 (Karnataka), India.
ABSTRACT
A study was conducted to assess the effect of different depths of irrigation and mulching on fruit yield of banana and soil mositure conservation. The results indicated that irrigation given at 2.5, 3.75 and 5.0 cm depth per irrigation per plant at different growth stages viz., 2-3 months, 3-6 months and 6 months to harvest stage, respectively, and at six days irrigation interval with ring and basin method of irrigation coupled with paddy straw mulching @ 10 kg per plant recorded higher bunch yield of 75.10 t ha-1 compared to other treatments. This was followed by the treatment with 12 days irrigation interval with ring and basin method of irrigation and paddy straw mulching @ 10 kg per plant with different depths of irrigation viz., 2.5, 3.75 and 5.0 cm depth per irrigation per plant at different growth stages viz., 2-3 months, 3-6 months and 6 months to harvesting stage, respectively, which recorded the bunch yield of 72.07 t ha-1. The lower bunch yield (62.77 t ha-1) was recorded with 4.5 cm depth of irrigation at 12 days interval without paddy straw mulch. Growth and yield parameters also followed the same trend with different treatments.
45. GURTEG SINGH AND J. S. KANWAR [Effect of shoot vigour on fruit maturity (%) and its colour in peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] cv. Shan-i-Punjab]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 535-536 (2006). Department of Horticulture Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141 004 (Punjab), India.
ABSTRACT
An experiment was conducted in Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana to observe the effect of different types of shoots on fruit maturity (%) and its colour in peach [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] cv. Shan-i-Punjab. The results showed that fruits borne on vigorous shoots (mean length 75 cm) matured earlier as compared to fruit from medium vigorous (mean length 50 cm) and poor vigour (mean length 20 cm) shoots. Mean fruit colour rating (0-10 scale) from vigorous shoots was 7.29 followed by 6.81 in medium vigorous and 6.50 in poor vigour shoots indicating better fruit colour from vigorous shoots. It is concluded that fruit maturity and its colour are greatly influenced by shoot vigour in peach
46.S. R. BHOSALE, P. C. HALDAVANEKAR, G. D. JOSHI AND P. M. HALDANKAR [Studies on physico-chemical composition of aonla (Phyllanthus emblica Linn.) cultivars grown under Konkan agroclimatic conditions]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 537-540 (2006). Department of Horticulture Dr. B. S. Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Dapoli-415 712 (Maharashtra), India.
ABSTRACT
Six promising cultivars viz., Krishna, Kanchan, Chakaiya, NA-6, NA-7 and NA-10 of aonla were studied for physico-chemical components grown under Konkan agroclimatic conditions of Maharashtra. The cultivar NA-7 recorded highest values for weight (40.00 g), specific gravity (1.17), length (3.81 cm) of fruit and weight (36.85 g) of seed. The cultivar NA-6 produced fruits of highest volume, diameter, circumference and weight of pulp. The cultivar Krishna recorded highest pulp to seed ratio and per cent edible portion. Fruit colour varied with the variety. The cultivar NA-7 appeared to be promising for most of the chemical parameters viz., T. S. S., reducing and total sugar, titrable acidity and ascorbic acid under study.
47. T. K. NARAYANASWAMY, RAJEGOWDA, M. A. SHANKAR AND K. R. SREERAMULU [Effect of different organic manures on growth and yield parameters of M5 and S36 mulberry varieties]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 541-543 (2006). Department of Sericulture University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bangalore-560 065 (Karnataka), India.
ABSTRACT
A field experiment was conducted on the effect of different organic manures on growth and yield parameters of M5 and S36 mulberry varieties in irrigated condition. In M5, application of NPK only through fertilizer recorded significantly higher shoot height (112.36 cm) as compared to all other treatments. However, application of different organic manures and combination of organic manures+fertilizers recorded significantly higher number of shoots per plant. Further, application of NPK+FYM at recommended level and combination of organic manures+fertilizer recorded significantly higher number of leaves and leaf yield per plant as compared to NPK alone through fertilizer. Leaf yield per plant in S36 recorded higher in 50% N through vermicompost+50% NPK through fertilizer (0.593 kg) followed by recommended NPK+FYM (0.443 kg) and 50% N through castor cake+50% NPK through fertilizers (0.415 kg).
48. VINOD KUMAR*, D. SINGH AND D. S. DAHIYA** [Effect of foliar application of urea and zinc sulphate in different concentrations on fruit drop and yield in mulberry (Morus alba L.)]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 544-547 (2006). Department of Horticulture CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125 004 (Haryana), India (e-mail : *bhaduvb22@rediffmail.com; **dahiyas@hau.ernet.in).
ABSTRACT
The study on fruit drop in mulberry was conducted at experimental orchard of Department of Horticulture, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India during 2001-02 on 16-year old mulberry plants. Urea and zinc sulphate were applied in different concentrations during 1st and 3rd weeks of March as foliar spray. A gradual reduction in fruit drop was recorded as the fruit matured. It was concluded from the study that application of urea 1.0%+zinc sulphate 0.25% as a foliar spray resulted in the minimum fruit drop (52.17%) as compared to control (73.32%). Fruit yield was also maximum (28.1 kg/tree) under this treatment. Apart from the increasing yield, it also increased fruit weight, length and breadth.
49.SAROJ SINGH, SURENDER KUMAR SINGH AND R. SUDHAKAR [Comparative performance of different pest management treatments for castor+pigeonpea intercropping system under rainfed conditions]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 548-551 (2006). National Centre for Integrated Pest Management, Pusa Campus, New Delhi, India.
ABSTRACT
A field trial was conducted to know the comparative performance of different pest management treatments for castor+pigeonpea intercropping (4 : 1) system under rainfed conditions during 2001 on farmers’ fields in village Nallavelli, Distt. Mahaboobnagar, A. P. Among the 10 treatments tested, the treatments comprising wilt resistant variety Jyothi/Kranti, soil application of Trichoderma viride @ 2.5 kg after mixing with 10 t FYM/ha, seed treatment with carbendazim (0.1%), intercropping of castor (4 : 1) with pigeonpea (variety PRG-100), hand picking and destruction of egg masses and early stage larvae of Spodoptera litura (Fab.), release of egg parasitoid Trichogramma chilonis @ 1,25,000/ha, application of neem oil (0.2%)/neem seed kernel extract (NSKE @ 5%), installation of “T” shaped wooden bird perches @ 25/ha, pheromone traps @ 10/ha for monitoring S. litura population, collection and destruction of grey rot affected spikes and prophylactic spray of carbendazim (1 g/l) against Botrytis disease proved effective in obtaining the higher castor and pigeonpea seed yields, cost : benefit ratio, higher larval parasitism of insect-pests and in reducing the incidence of insect-pests and diseases on the castor crop in comparison to the treatments having use of chemical pesticides only.
50. A. C. MATHUR [Integrated management of charcoal rot disease of cowpea by oil cakes and biocontrol agents]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 552-554 (2006). Department of Plant Pathology SKN College of Agriculture, Jobner-303 329, Jaipur (Rajasthan), India.
ABSTRACT
Charcoal rot of cowpea caused by Macrophomina phaseolina is widely prevalent, where cowpea is cultivated as a sole crop. The fungus produces symptoms on seedling and young plants. Efficacy of four different organic amedments viz., mustard cake, colocynth cake, cotton cake and neem cake was tested. The best dose of different cakes was further tested in combination with seed treatment with native isolates of Trichoderma viz., T. longibrachiatum-2 and T. longibrachiatum-3 which were found to be effective against charcoal rot of cowpea. All the combinations of oil seeds cake with biocontrol agents appeared best in reducing the disease incidence of charcoal rot of cowpea.
51.A. C. MATHUR [Efficacy of fungicides against charcoal rot of cowpea incited by Macrophomina phaseolina]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 555-557 (2006). Department of Plant Pathology SKN College of Agriculture, Jobner-303 329, Jaipur (Rajasthan), India.
ABSTRACT
Systemic and non-systemic fungicides were evaluated under laboratory, green house and field conditions against Macrophomina phaseolina, the incitent of charcoal rot of cowpea. Thiophanate methyl 75 WP, carbendazim 50 WP and three azole fungicides viz., tebuconazole 2 DS, tebuconazole 250 WE and hexaconazole 5% EC completely inhibited the growth at 50 ppm, whereas chlorothalonil 75 WP and thiram 75 DS proved next on efficacy. Thiophanate methyl and carbendazim recorded lowest disease incidence in the green house evaluation also. In the field, best results were obtained with thiophanate methyl, thiram, carbendazim and chlorothalonil that were at par with each other. Thiophanate methyl followed by chlorothalonil that were at par with each other. Thiophanate methyl followed by chlorothalonil recorded highest yield.
52. A. C. MATHUR [Management of charcoal rot of cowpea caused by Macrophomina phaseolina by using biocontrol agents]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 558-560 (2006). Department of Plant Pathology SKN College of Agriculture, Jobner-303 329, Jaipur (Rajasthan), India.
ABSTRACT
Charcoal rot of cowpea, Vigna unguiculata Walp. caused by Macrophomina phaseolina Tassi Goid is an important and widely prevalent disease of cowpea wherever grown as a sole crop over years. In view of ecological hazards of chemicals, a few biocontrol agents viz., T. longibrachiatum were evaluated to manage the disease. Seed treatment significantly reduced the charcoal rot. The best performance was given by T. longibrachiatum 2 & 3 isolates followed by T. harzianum and T. viride. T. longibrachiatum, being of native origin, proved effective significantly over isolates obtained from other locations.
53. D. A. TANK, T. G. MEISHERI AND V. P. USADADIA [Effect of spacing, nitrogen and phosphorus on growth and yield of fennel (Foeniculum vulgare Mill.)]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 561-562 (2006). Department of Agronomy Anand Agricultural University, Anand-388 110 (Gujarat), India.
ABSTRACT
A field experiment was conducted on sandy loam soil of Agronomy Farm, Anand Agricultural University, Anand during kharif 1999-2000 to 2001-02 to study the effect of spacing (90 x 60 cm and 90 x 45 cm) under varying levels of nitrogen (80, 100 and 120 kg/ha) and phosphorus (0, 30 and 60 P2O5 kg/ha) on growth and yield of fennel. Seed yield was recorded significantly higher under 80 kg N over rest of treatments but it was at par with 100 kg N/ha. Phosphorus showed non-significant difference among the treatments, but did not prove beneficial due to high status of phosphorus. Thus, transplanting fennel at 90 x 60 cm by application of 80 kg N/ha was found remunerative with net realization of Rs. 21818/ha and benefit : cost ratio of 1.13.
54. VANDANA R. GAJBHIYE, B. L. DHONUKSHE, V. W. BENDALE AND D. R. RATHOD [Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in Rauvolfia serpentina]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 563-566 (2006). Department of Agricultural Botany Dr. Balasaheb Sawant Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth, Dapoli, District Ratnagiri-415 712, India.
ABSTRACT
Somatic embryogenesis is of significance for understanding the mechanism of cytodifferentiation and morphogenesis and for propagating plant clones. It also offers a greater potential in crop improvement programmes since it allows for the coupling of efficient cloning and genetic modification. Direct somatic embryogenesis from PEDCs (Pre-embryogenic determined cells) appears to produce relatively uniform clonal material, whereas the indirect pathway involving IEDCs (Induced embryogenic determined cells) tends to generate a higher frequency of somaclonal variants. The present study was undertaken in Rauvolfia serpentina Benth ex. Kurz., an economically important medicinal plant of the Indian sub-continent because of the presence of alkaloids used in the treatment of hypertension, cardiovascular disease and as a sedative tranquilizing agent. In this study, the effects of different concentrations of NAA in combination with BAP on the induction of callus from leaf explants of Rauvolfia serpentina on MS basal medium were investigated. An embryogenic callus mass was formed from young fully expanded leaves on MS medium on incubation for six weeks which served as pre-conditioning medium for induction of somatic embryo. This proliferation callus mass when transferred to MS medium with extended sub-culture period of eight weeks induced highest number of somatic embryos. The callus was compact, whitish yellow and fast growing. When the callus was sub-culture, organogenesis was promoted on medium containing NAA and BA. Embryogenic calli with globular embryos transferred to growth regulator free MS medium, were developed into plantlets. The in vitro proliferated plantlets were then rooted and later transferred to the soil
55. SHARANAPPA JANAGANDI, AVINASH KANFADE, M. CHOWDEGOWDA, K. T. RAJENDRAPRASAD AND D. RAGHUPATHI3 [Influence of different agro-forestry land use systems on run-off, soil and nutrient losses in central dry zone of Karnataka]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 567-570 (2006). Zonal Agricultural Research Station, Babbur Farm, Hiriyur-572 143 (Karnataka), India.
ABSTRACT
A field experiment was conducted during 2002-03 and 2003-04 to study and assess the different agro-forestry land use systems on run-off soil erosion and nutrient losses at Hiriyur, central dry zone of Karnataka. The results revealed that among the different land use systems in central dry zone (Hiriyur) recorded highest loss of organic matter (45.20 kg/ha), major nutrients (30.30 kg/ha), secondary nutrients (250.00 kg/ha) and micro-nutrients (8.5 kg/ha) in silvi-horticulture system followed by agri-horti system, agri-system, silvi-hort-pasture system and the lowest was in natural system which recorded 13.00, 10.00, 85.80 and 3.10 kg/ha, respectively. The higher nutrient losses from silvi-horticulture system may be attributed to higher run-off soil losses from the system. This can be further explained by eroded material being rich in colloidal clay organic matter and plant nutrients. Since clay and organic matter act as sink and source of plant nutrients resulted in higher run-off and soil loss in silvi-horticultural system. However, highest amount of soil losses depends on soil properties, amount of run-off and ground cover in any land use system at Hiriyur. The highest amount of soil loss was recorded in silvi-hort system (2300.64 kg/ha) followed by agri-hort system (2250.60 kg/ha), agri-system (220.43 kg/ha), silvi-hort-pasture system (1200.20 kg/ha) and the lowest was with natural system (642.00 kg/ha).
56. K. THANUNATHAN, M. THIRUPPATHI AND V. IMAYAVARAMBAN [Rainfall climatology and cropping systems for tail-end Veeranam ayacut command area of Tamil Nadu]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 571-574 (2006). Department of Agronomy Annamalai University, Annamalainagar-608 002 (Tamil Nadu), India.
ABSTRACT
Weekly rainfall data of 22 years (1982-2003) pertaining to tail-end Veeranam ayacut command area were analysed to determine its variability, probability and MAI and the results are presented in this paper. Each standard week from 30th to 52nd received a rainfall of more than 20 mm, indicating the crop growing period starting from July 4th week to December last week. Based on the rainfall pattern, a modified cropping system of growing short duration pulses or oilseeds during Kuruvai followed by medium duration thaladi or late samba rice followed by rice fallow pulse is suggested for effective utilization of land, moisture and to enhance the net income of the tail-end Veeranam ayacut farmers.
57. K. C. LALITHA, M. Y. AJAYAKUMAR, CHANDRASEKHAR S. VASTER AND M. S. GANAPATHY [Correlates of productivity of paddy]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 575-578 (2006). Farmers’ Training Institute University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore-560 065 (Karnataka), India.
ABSTRACT
The present study was conducted during 2001-02 in Mandya district of Karnataka state to find out the relationship between personal, motivational, behavioural, situational and extension factors of farmers and productivity of paddy. Three hundred paddy farmers were interviewed with the help of pre-structured interview schedule. The results revealed that as high as 74.38% of variation in the productivity of paddy was due to the personal, motivational, behavioural, situational and extension factors of farmers.
58. K. C. LALITHA, A. D. RANGANATHA, R. G. SRINIVASA GOWDA AND M. S. GANAPATHY [Effect of various factors contributing to adoption of sustainable sugarcane farming practices]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 579-581 (2006). Farmers’ Training Institute University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore-560 065 (Karnataka), India.
ABSTRACT
The present study was conducted in Mandya district of Karnataka state to find out the effect of various factors contributing to adoption of sustainable sugarcane farming practices. Data were collected from 200 sugarcane farmers. The results revealed that knowledge about sustainable sugarcane technologies and attitude towards sustainable farming were the major variables having direct, indirect and largest indirect effects influening the adoption level of sustainable sugarcane farming practices.
59. K. C. LALITHA, CHANDRASEKHAR S. VASTER, M. S. GANAPATHY AND R. G. SRINIVASA GOWDA [Problems encountered by groundnut farmers in the adoption of dryfarming practices]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 582-584 (2006). Farmers’ Training Institute University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore-560 065 (Karnataka), India.
ABSTRACT
The present study was conducted in Sira taluk of Tumkur district in Karnataka state during 2000-01 to find out the problems encountered by groundnut farmers in the adoption of dryfarming practices. Data were collected from 100 groundnut farmers using a pre-tested interview schedule. Lack of technical know-how, non-availability of inputs, financial problem and lack of knowledge are some of the dominant reasons for non-adoption of recommended dryfarming practices by both small and big farmers. Therefore, it is necessary to develop extension strategy to educate the farmers on improved dryfarming practices and to provide supply and services of agricultural inputs, credit and necessary facilities to the farmers by the government and other concerned agencies.
60. K. C. LALITHA, M. S. GANAPATHY, M. Y. AJAYAKUMAR AND R. G. SRINIVASA GOWDA [A study on knowledge level of groundnut growers]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 585-587 (2006). Directorate of Extension University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore-560 065 (Karnataka), India.
ABSTRACT
The study conducted in Sira taluk of Tumkur district in Karnataka state during 2000-01 revealed that majority of the groundnut farmers possessed partial knowledge on complex dryland farming practices. A vast majority (72%) of the farmers had low/medium overall knowledge level on recommended dryland farming practices. Further economic motivation, scientific orientation and extension participation of farmers had significant relationship with the knowledge level.
61. RAJ MANI [Role of water resources in management of cropping pattern]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 588-591 (2006). Directorate of Extension N. D. University of Agriculture & Technology, Kumargani, Faizabad (U. P.), India.
ABSTRACT
The present investigation was carried out to study the management of cropping pattern by saving of water resources present in the study area. Sultanpur district of Uttar Pradesh, India is an agrarian area with a gradual slope from north-west to south-east, the land is generally plain except for the ravines of river Gomti and its tributaries. Based on availability of land, water sources and other controlling factors the land has been put under different uses. The net area sown is 65.09% of the total geographical area. Only 48.37% of net area sown is irrigated. About 27.22% of the net area irrigated is by surface water resources and the rest of it by groundwater resources. It is concluded that there is declining trend in the net area irrigated by surface water sources and rising trend in net area irrigated by ground water sources under dominant rice-wheat crop rotation in the district. Since the ground water irrigated area is continuously increased in the past decade due to insured supply for cropping pattern demand, hence, the paper discusses about the adverse impact on ground water regime due to water intensive crops in the future.
62. G. N. SHIRPURKAR, N. V. KASHID, R. S. GORVE AND V. N. GAVHANE [Effect of date of sowing on grain yield and yield contributing characters of wheat]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 592-593 (2006). Agricultural Research Station, Niphad, District Nasik (M. S.), India.
ABSTRACT
A field experiment was conducted during rabi season of 2002-03 at Agricultural Research Station, Niphad to evaluate the performance of genotypes at different dates of sowing. The normal sowing (8 November) of wheat produced significantly higher (11.39%) grain yield than late sown (26 November).
63. G. N. SHIRPURKAR, R. S. GORVE, N. V. KASHID AND V. N. GAVHANE [Performance of promising wheat genotypes for different N levels under irrigated conditions]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 594 (2006). Agricultural Research Station, Niphad, District Nasik (M. S.), India.
ABSTRACT
Three nitrogen levels viz., 90,120 and 150 kg N/ ha as a main treatment and eight wheat genotypes viz., Raj 4037, UAS 259, GW 1189, NIDW 295, HD 2189, MACS 2496, MACS 2846 and GW 322 as sub-plot treatments were tried in split plot design on medium to black soil at Agricultural Research Station, Niphad during rabi 2002-03 and indicated that the application of 120 kg N/ha produced significantly higher grain yield of wheat than 90 and 150 kg N/ha.
64. G. N. SHIRPURKAR, A. A. PISAL AND N. V. KASHID [Response of irrigated wheat varieties to sowing dates]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 595 (2006). Agricultural Research Station, Niphad (M. S.), India.
ABSTRACT
Two main treatments viz., normal sowing (5 to 11 November) and late sowing (26 November to 22 December) with four sub-treatments viz., GW 322, HD 2189, MACS 2496 and MACS 2846 replicated thrice in split plot design at Agricultural Research Station, Niphad, on medium black soil during rabi 2000-01 were done. The study showed that the normal sowing (5 to 11 November) produced higher grain yield of wheat than late sowing (26 November to 22 December).
65. G. N. SHIRPURKAR, A. A. PISAL AND N. V. KASHID [Response of rainfed wheat varieties to N levels]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 596-597 (2006). Agricultural Research Station, Niphad (M. S.), India.
ABSTRACT
A field experiment was conducted on medium balck soil of Agricultural Research Station, Niphad, during rabi 2000-01. The results revealed that the application of 60 and 80 kg N ha-1 produced significantly higher grain yield (11.62 and 11.04 q ha-1).
66. G. N. SHIRPURKAR, R. S. GORVE, N. V. KASHID AND V. N. GAVHANE [Response of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea)-wheat (Triticum aestivum) cropping sequence to variable fertility levels with emphasis on organic substitution for nitrogen]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 598-599 (2006). Agricultural Research Station, Niphad, District Nasik (M. S.), India.
ABSTRACT
Application of 50% RDN+25% N through vermicompost with biofertilizers to groundnut produced comparatively higher pod yield of groundnut in kharif season. In rabi season, application of 75% RDN+25% N through FYM to wheat produced comparatively more grain yield in the experiment conducted at Agricultural Research Station, Niphad during 2003-04.
67. S. PAL [Bugs infesting paddy earheads at Pundibari in terai region of West Bengal]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 600-601 (2006). Department of Agricultural Entomology Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari-736 165, Cooch Behar (W. B.), India.
ABSTRACT
Seven species of sucking bugs were recorded on the earheads of paddy during surveys conducted from 2002-04 at Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, Cooch Behar. Among them, the population of Leptocorisa oratorius (Fabr.) was high and that of Menida histrio (Fabr.) and Eusarcocoris guttifer Th. was moderate. Other bugs were recorded in lower population
68.PREETI AGGARWAL AND A. K. SOOD [Performance of exotic wheat cultivars for resistance against hill bunt]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 602-603 (2006). Department of Plant Pathology CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishwavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062 (H. P.), India.
ABSTRACT
The performance of eight common bunt resistant Canadian wheat cultivars received from Dr. B. J. Goates, USDA, Canada, was determined against the prevalent pathotypes of Tilletia foetida and T. caries during 1998-99 and 1999-2000 at Palampur. All the cultivars were found resistant to the races L-1, L-A, L-G and L-H of T. foetida and T-C and T-D of T. caries. Among the eight cultivars Bonneville, Hansel, Promontory and Winridge were also found to be resistant to powdery mildew and yellow rust under natural conditions. Alongwith these cultivars, the performance of some indigenous released cultivars in H. P. was also tested against hill bunt. Aradhana was found to be most susceptible with 88.05% bunt incidence followed by susceptible check CPAN 1922 (62.13%), TD-16 (31.52%) and Surbhi (9.68%), whereas WL 711 with 2.61% infection was most resistant followed by Kalyansona (2.91%) and HPW-147 (3.92%) during rabi 1998-99. Similar trend was observed in 1999-2000. The exotic resistant cultivars can serve as an additional source of resistance for bunt.
69. M. KAVASKAR AND SANTHA GOVIND [Adoption of recommended plant protection practices by banana growers]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 604-605 (2006). Department of Agricultural Extension Annamalai University, Annamalainagar-608 002 (Tamil Nadu), India.
ABSTRACT
Banana is an important fruit representing about 40.00% of the world trade in fruits. It is widely grown in India and has great socio-economic significance. It could be considered as ‘poor man’s apple’ and it is the cheapest among all other fruits in the country. Increased productivity is greatly dependent on available technology and extent of adoption by farmers. Findings of several studies revealed that adoption of pest and disease management practices was found to be low, inspite of special efforts taken to transfer message related to banana plant protection practices. Hence, a study was taken up to assess the extent of adoption of recommended plant protection practices among 120 banana growers of Thiruvannamalai district. The findings revealed that adoption of plant protection practices was very low.
70. M. JEYALAKSHMI AND SANTHA GOVIND [Yield gap analysis with reference to onion crop]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 606-607 (2006). Department of Agricultural Extension Annamalai University, Annamalainagar-608 002 (Tamil Nadu), India.
ABSTRACT
Vegetables play a vital role in the nutritional security of the Indian population and economy of majority of farmers. Still with the present production level, the gap between supply and demand calls for the vertical and possibly horizontal expansion in production. The yield potentials of vegetable varieties can be exploited only when a set of package of practices recommended by the scientists is known to the farmers and adopted by them. It is often reported that there exists a wide gap between the potential farm yield and actual farm yield especially in onion. The findings also have implications for researchers to modify the technologies so as to reduce the yield gap. Hence, a study was taken up to assess the yield gap of onion crop. The findings of the study revealed that majority of the onion farmers fell under medium yield gap category.
71. K. C. LALITHA, M. S. GANAPATHY, A. D. RANGANATHA AND R. G. SRINIVASA GOWDA [Attitude of sugarcane farmers towards sustainable farming practices]. Res. on crops 7 (2) : 608-609 (2006). Farmers’ Training Institute University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore-560 065 (Karnataka), India.
ABSTRACT
The study was conducted in Mandya district of Karnataka state during 2001 to measure the attitude of sugarcane farmers towards sustainable farming practices. Data were collected from 200 randomly selected farmers with the help of a pre-structured interview schedule. It was found that more number (42%) of sugarcane farmers possessed favourable attitude towards sustainable farming practices.