Volume 26, Number 3 (November, 2003)
Titles of research papers/articles alongwith their abstracts.
For full text, please contact to Editor-in-chief at : md@cropresearch.org
1. R. JEYASRINIVAS, P. PANNEERSELVAM, S. KARUNANITHI AND
P. CHRISTY NIRMALA MARY [Studies on the evaluation of the efficacy of acetochlor herbicide in rice-based cropping system]. Crop Res. 26 (3) : 381-385 (2003).
ABSTRACT
The field experiment was conducted at the Annamalai University experimental farm of the Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, Tamil Nadu, India with rice cv. CO 43 during the samba season (Aug. 1997-Jan. 1998) followed by ADT 3 blackgram as rice fallow crop during Jan. 1998-Mar. 1998 to assess the bio-efficacy of acetochlor in transplanted rice and also to test the residual toxicity in the rice fallow blackgram. The treatment consisted of three formulations viz., 90 EC, 5% G and 1% G at graded dose of 50 g a. i. ha-1, 75 g a. i. ha-1, 100 g a. i. ha-1 and 150 g a. i. ha-1 each. Butachlor, pretilachlor, weed free check and weedy check plots were also included in the experiment as standards. Among the different doses of acetochlor tested, application of acetochlor at 150 g dose was found to be superior in controlling weeds than the rest of the doses and resulted in higher grain yield of rice cv. CO 43. Among the three formulations of acetochlor, no difference was noticed in their control efficacy.
2. M. PRABHAKARA REDDY AND S. S. SINGH [Effect of different sources of phosphatic fertilizers on growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)]. Crop Res. 26 (3) : 386-389 (2003). Department of Agronomy Allahabad Agricultural Institute, Allahabad (U. P.), India.
ABSTRACT
A field experiment was conducted during 1996-97 at Crop Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Allahabad Agricultural Institute, Allahabad to investigate influence of different phosphatic fertilizers on growth and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in sandy loam soils under irrigated conditions. Among the different phosphatic fertilizers, single super phosphate resulted in higher grain yield (50.27 q/ha) followed by nitrophos (43.96 q/ha) and di-ammonium phosphate (43.13 q/ha).
3.S. L. JAT, H. K. SUMERIYA1 AND Y. K. MEHTA1 [Influence of integrated nutrient management on content and uptake of nutrients on sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench)]. Crop Res. 26 (3) : 390-394 (2003). Department of Soil Science Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture & Technology, Udaipur-313 001 (Raj.), India.
ABSTRACT
A field experiment was conducted during kharif season of 1998 to study the response of integrated nutrient management on content and uptake of nutrients, protein content and protein uptake and net returns (Rs./ha) of sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench]. Application of chemcial fertilization and FYM significantly improved the content and uptake of N, P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu, protein content and net returns (Rs./ha) at knee high stage, and at the harvest time in grain and stover. Besides this, effect of bio-inoculants in all above said contents was not found significant except nitrogen and phosphorus content in grain and stover.
4. M. A. NUNEZ-GONZALEZ AND R. K. MAITI1 [Differential responses of mineral acquisition by glossy and non-glossy sorghum]. Crop Res. 26 (3) : 395-401 (2003). Post-graduate División, Biology Faculty Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Apartado Postal-88 C. P. 66450, San Nicolas de los Garza, N. L., México.
ABSTRACT
This study was conducted to determine differential acquisition of calcium (Ca), copper (Cu), iron (Fe), magnesium (Mg), manganese (Mn) and potassium (K) by glossy and non-glossy sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] genotypes grown 45 days in nutrient solutions in a growth chamber. Genotype responses were studied at high and low concentrations of nutrients. The glossy genotypes IS 5567, IS 1982 and IS 4476 had significantly higher concentrations of mineral nutrients than the non-glossy TY 101R and M 911R genotypes at all nutrient solution levels. Glossy genotypes appeared to be better adapted to low and high mineral conditions than non-glossy genotypes. Glossy genotypes are recommended over non-glossy genotypes for forage and grain production in the semi-arid regions of Mexico.
5. G. MANICKAM, G. KAKTHIRESAN, P. SRIDHAR AND B. RAJAMANICKAM [G. 84056–A promising mid-late season sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) clone for Tamil Nadu]. Crop Res. 26 (3) : 402-404 (2003). T. N. A. U. Regional Research Station, Vriddhachalam-606 001 (T. N.), India.
ABSTRACT
Field experiments were conducted from 1990 to 1992 cropping seasons to evaluate the performance of nine sugarcane clones compared with two standards for their yield, juice quality and commercial cane sugar production during mid-late season. The results revealed that the clone G. 84056 gave the highest mean cane yield of 132.4 and 128.9 t/ha, respectively, in plant and ratoon crops. Further it recorded the highest CCS value of 14.2% in plant crop and 13.0% in the ratoon crop.
6. A. SUNDARI [Do weather parameters influence the optimum time of sowing of soybean]. Crop Res. 26 (3) : 405-408 (2003). Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture Annamalai University, Annamalainagar- 608 002 (Tamil Nadu), India.
ABSTRACT
The experiment was conducted to study the influence of sowing dates from June-July on yield performance of soybean. Sowing on 15 June gave the highest grain yield. All the weather parameters prevalent during June 15 sowing were favourable which would have resulted in getting the highest yield from the crop sown on June 15 than the rest of the sowing dates.
7. B. S. MEENA AND H. K. SUMERIYA [Influence of nitrogen levels, irrigation and interculture on oil and protein content, soil moisture studies and interaction effects of mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern and Coss.]]. Crop Res. 26 (3) : 409-413 (2003). Department of Agronomy Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture & Technology, Udaipur-313 001 (Raj.), India.
ABSTRACT
A field experiment was conducted to study the response of nitrogen, irrigation and interculture on interaction effect of secondary branches/plant, recovery of nitrogen, oil content, protein content and soil moisture studies of mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern and Coss.] during rabi 1996-97 at the Instructional Farm, Department of Agronomy, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Udaipur. The highest number of secondary branches per plant (7.0) was recorded under two irrigations, in combination with one interculture. Application of 30 kg N/ha gave significantly the highest recovery of applied nitrogen (74.14%) by the mustard crop under no interculture. Application of 60 kg N/ha gave the maximum oil (37.04%) and 90 kg N/ha gave maximum protein (21.47%) content than no nitrogen application.
8. R. K. MAITI*, P. WESCHE-EBELING, J. FLORES1 AND L. ALANIS-GUZMAN1 [A study on phenology and nutritional values of wild species of Brassica campestris L. and Sisymbrium irio L. (Cruciferae) in the semi-arid regions of Monterrey, N. L., Mexico]. Crop Res. 26 (3) : 414-419 (2003). Departamento de Química y Biologia Universidad de las Americas-Puebla Santa Catarina Martir, Cholula, C. P. 72820, Puebla, México
*(e-mail : maitirk@mail.cityonlines.com).
ABSTRACT
The present paper reports on the morphology, phenology and nutritional values of two wild species of Brassica campestris L. and Sisymbrium irio L. (Cruciferae), grown abundantly in the semi-arid regions of Monterrey. B. campestris grows at the end of September and from the beginning of October to March, while Sisymbrium from September to the mid-April. The bromatological analysis showed that the leaves and stems in the vegetative stage contained high levels of proteins (26 to 32%) for the species. The seeds of B. campestris contained high percentage of lipids and protein. Therefore, both the species offer great potential of food of high nutritional value and may be considered an unemployed feed resource.
9. R. DUTTA, P. K. GOGOI AND N. C. DEKA [Effect of levels of lime and potassium on nutrient uptake and residual soil fertility in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.)]. Crop Res. 26 (3) : 420-423 (2003). Department of Agronomy Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat-785 013 (Assam), India.
ABSTRACT
A field experiment was conducted with groundnut variety AK-12-24 involving three levels of lime and six levels of potassium during summer season of 1998 at AAU, Jorhat revealing that 50% lime requirement (50% LR) recorded the highest N, P, K uptake and highest availability of nutrient after harvest. Increasing levels of potassium increased the N and K uptake upto 50 kg K2O ha which was at par with 30 and 40 kg K2O/ha.
10. R. BASKARAN, A. SOLAIMALAI AND K. SUBBURAMU [Effect of water harvesting techniques and IPM practices on productivity of rainfed groundnut]. Crop Res. 26 (3) : 424-428 (2003). T. N. A. U. Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Vridhachalam-606 001 (T. N), India.
ABSTRACT
A field experiment was conducted during kharif 1998 and 1999 to study the effect of different water harvesting techniques and IPM practices on productivity of rainfed groundnut. Water harvesting techniques caused significant variations in growth parameters, yield and economics of rainfed groundnut. The broad bed and furrow system recorded maximum growth parameters, pod yield and monetary return. This treatment also registered higher soil moisture content. IPM practices registered higher pod yield, monetary return and B : C ratio.
11. A. SUNDARI AND S. M. SURESHKUMAR [A non-pesticidal cultural method for controlling weeds in groundnut–soil solarization]. Crop Res. 26 (3) : 429-431 (2003). Department of Agronomy Annamalai University, Annamalainagar-608 002 (Tamil Nadu), India.
ABSTRACT
Significant reduction in weed population due to off-season soil solarization was noticed at all the stages of crop. Off-season soil solarization with 0.05 mm transparent polyethylene sheets for 40 days was effective in controlling weeds than the 0.1 mm thickness and the lesser duration of soil solarization. Soil solarization with 0.05 mm thickness for 40 days recorded significantly higher pod yield over control.
12. R. K. MAITI*, E. RAQUEL LOZADA RAMÍREZ, V. P. SINGH AND
P. WESCHE-EBELING [Comparative studies on the commercial and traditional production of peanut and sorghum in village Huaquechula, Puebla, Mexico]. Crop Res. 26 (3) : 432-442 (2003). Departamento de Química y Biología School of Science, Universidad de las Americas-Puebla Santa Catarina Martir, CP 72 820, Puebla, México
*(e-mail : maitirk@cityonlines.com).
ABSTRACT
The paper makes a critical analysis of traditional and commercial agricultural system with special reference to peanut and sorghum existing in high lands of a representative village inhabited mostly by tribe. This also discusses the advantage and disadvantage of both systems of agriculture. Although commercial agricultural system gives higher productivity of the crops, it is costly and enhances disease and insect problems affecting largely the natural ecosystem, while traditional system protects natural ecosystem and causes lower soil erosion, besides it is less costly. Farmers with low economic condition prefer to maintain traditional system. A comparative analysis of the advantage and advantage of both the agricultural systems gives a new insight to take measures for increasing the productivity of the crops in typical village Huaquechula in high land of Puebla, Mexico.
13. U. KALITA1, J. SUHRAWARDY AND J. R. DAS [Response of horsegram (Dolichos biflorus L.) to different seed rates and dates of sowing under rainfed upland situations]. Crop Res. 26 (3) : 443-445 (2003). A. A. U. Regional Agricultural Research Station Gossaigaon-783 360 (Assam), India.
ABSTRACT
A field experiment was conducted during late kharif seasons of 1997, 1998 and 1999 under rainfed upland situations to study the optimum seed rate and date of sowing of horsegram. Significantly the highest grain yield was observed with the seed rate of 25 kg/ha which was at par with 20 and 30 kg/ha. Horsegram sown on 15 September recorded significantly higher grain yield during 1999 and pooled analysis also showed the similar trend, but it was at par with the 31 August sown crop during 1997 and 1998. Similar trend was also observed in respect of number of pods/plant and number of seeds/pod.
14. A. SEMA AND D. SANYAL1 [Developmental physiology of lemon fruits. I. Physical characteristics]. Crop Res. 26 (3) : 446-451 (2003). School of Agricultural Sciences and Rural Development Nagaland University, Medziphema-797 106 (Nagaland), India.
ABSTRACT
Lemon (Citrus limon) is a recurrent flushing plant and the pattern of fruit growth is regulated by various factors. This study was carried out to comprehend the dynamics of fruit growth with age and to determine the maturity stage of fruits. Age of fruit had significant influence on the physical characteristics of fruits of different flushes. Increase in fruit growth (polar and equatorial) followed a sigmoid pattern of curve. Increase in the fruit size of winter flush was slow but the fruits remained attached to the plant for the longest duration, while fruits of rainy flush attained maturity earliest. Specific gravity and peel thickness of fruits declined gradually with the advancement of season though no definite trend was discernible. Juice accumulation significantly increased with the age of fruit and rainy flush fruits recorded the highest juice accumulation, which was closely followed by winter flush fruits. In general, the best periods of picking maturity of fruits of different flushes in the foot hills of Nagaland were 135 to 150, 120 to 135 and 195 to 210 days after fruit set in respect of spring, rainy and winter flushes, respectively.
15. A. SEMA AND D. SANYAL1 [Developmental physiology of lemon fruits. II. Chemical characteristics]. Crop Res. 26 (3) : 452-457 (2003). School of Agricultural Sciences and Rural Development Nagaland University, Medziphema-797 106 (Nagaland), India.
ABSTRACT
Lemon (Citrus limon) bears flowers and fruits round the year with considerable variation in chemical composition of fruits which is greatly influenced by age and environmental factors. The variation inTSS content of fruit with age did not follow any definite pattern. Total acid content clearly exhibited an increasing trend with age of fruit irrespective of flushes, in both the years, with a slight decline at the final stage of fruit maturity. TSS-acid ratio decreased in all the flushes of both the years with the increase in the age of fruit. In general, sugar, ascorbic acid and chlorophyll levels increased for 1-2 months after fruit set, gradually decreased as fruits attained maturity. These observations taking into consideration of physical characteristics (depicted in part 1) suggest that lemon fruits, grown in the foot hills of Nagaland, should be harvested when fruit size, juice content, TSS, ascorbic acid and acid contents are in optimum level. In general, fruits of spring, rainy and winter flushes should be harvested 135-150, 120-125 and 195-210 days, respectively, after the date of fruit set.
16. P. BARMAN AND K. BARUAH [Effect of plant growth substances on yield and quality of banana cv. Barjahaji (Musa AAA group, cavendish sub-group)]. Crop Res. 26 (3) : 458-461 (2003). Department of Horticulture
Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat-785 013 (Assam), India.
ABSTRACT
A field experiment was conducted at the Experimental Farm, Department of Horticulture, Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat with a view to study the effect of some plant growth substances on yield and quality of banana cv. Barjahaji (Musa AAA group, cavendish sub-group). There were altogether eight treatments including the control. The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replications. The treatments comprised GA3 100 ppm (T1) GA3 200 ppm (T2), GA3 300 ppm (T3), 2, 4-D 10 ppm (T4), 2, 4-D 20 ppm (T5), 2, 4-D 30 ppm (T6), 0.5% KH2PO4+1% urea (T7) and control (T0). The growth regulators were applied as foliar spray at 5th month after planting and immediately after the last hand opening of the bunch. Yield and quality of banana under different treatments were compared with control. The yield and yield attributing characters and quality were found significantly influenced by the different treatments. The highest bunch weight (15.78 kg) and highest yield (48.70 t/ha) were found in 2, 4-D at 20 ppm, while the lowest bunch weight (8.50 kg) and lowest yield (26.23 t/ha) were found in the control. Among the quality characters, 2, 4-D at 20 ppm showed superiority in respect of TSS (23.22%) and 2, 4-D at 10 ppm total sugar (20.42%).
17. PAULINE ALILA, D. SANYAL1 AND T. A. SEMA [Effect of NPK on the growth, flowering, yield and yield attributes in papaya (Carica papaya L.)] Crop Res. 26 (3) : 462-467 (2003). Department of Horticulture School of Agricultural Sciences and Rural Development Nagaland University, Medziphema (Nagaland), India.
ABSTRACT
The days taken for flower opening and first fruit set were advanced with the application of lowest levels of N and K and higher level of P. Moderate levels of N and K and higher level of P increased the fruit size, flesh length, number of fruits and yield per plant. The interactions between N x P and N x K were significantly influenced in the fruit characteristics. The treatment combination NPK (N=200 g, P2O5=150 g, K2O=300 g) resulted in maximum yield of papain/plant. The moderate levels of N, K and higher level of P applications caused an increase in the fruit size and flesh length. The interactions barring P x K and N x P x K in flesh length were also found to have significant effect on the fruit characteristics.
18. R. K. MATHUR1 AND S. K. BHATNAGAR [Character association and path coefficient analysis for yield attributes in open pollinated and hybrid true potato seed populations]. Crop Res. 26 (2) : 286-290 (2003). Department of Agronomy Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat-785 013 (Assam), India.
ABSTRACT
Thirty TPS genotypes (Solanum tuberosum L.) including F1 hybrids and open pollinated populations were laid out to study the trend of character association and path coefficients between yield and its five components. The correlation study revealed that tuber yield was significantly and positively associated with plant height, primary branch number, leaf number, numer of tubers per plant and average tuber weight. The plant height was identified as an important yield attribute as it had positive significant correlation with all four remaining yield components. The negative association of tuber number and average tuber weight, as observed in the present study, indicated the need of breaking negative linkage between these characters before using them as selection criteria. On the other hand, the path analysis highlighted the importance of tuber number and average tuber weight as they exerted the highest direct effect on tuber yield. The characters plant height, primary branch number and leaf number showed high indirect effect via average tuber weight indicating their importance in selection programme. The characters leaf number and average tuber weight exerted negative indirect effect via tuber number on yield, while tuber number showed negative indirect effect on yield via leaf number and average tuber weight.
19. 19. G. PADRÓN GAMBOA1, J. ROMERO GARCÍA1, A. BENAVIDES MENDOZA*, HOMERO RAMÍREZ AND R. K. MAITI2 [Hydrophilic biodegradable polyurethane-starch foams to promote growth and stress tolerance in horticultural plants]. Crop Res. 26 (2) : 291-302 (2003). Departamento de Horticultura Universidad Autónoma Agraria Antonio Narro Buenavista, Saltillo 25315, Coahuila, México
*(e-mail : abenmen@prodigy.net.mx).
ABSTRACT
Polyurethane-starch hydrophylic foams were incorporated in horticultural substrates to enhance the properties for seedling production. Cacao pod husk and polyacrylamide were added to the hydrophilic foams in order to improve their water holding capacity and biodegradability. Also in some foams, a systemic resistance inducer soil isolate of the Bacillus subtilis species was immobilized. The use of the polyurethane-starch foams with polyacrilamyde or cacao pod husk permitted better seedling growth both in optimal condition and in water stress condition. The incorporation of Bacillus subtilis in the polyurethane-starch foams increased salinity tolerance of the seedlings.
20. P. S. SENTHIL KUMAR1 AND P. SAVITHRI [Characteristics of Muscat vineyards of the Theni district in Tamil Nadu]. Crop Res. 26 (2) : 303-307 (2003). Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu-641 003 (T. N.), India.
ABSTRACT
A nutritional survey of the Muscat vineyards around Theni district was done to assess the problems associated with the yield decline over the past decade. The vineyard soils were high in organic carbon status, Olsen-P and NNH4OAc-K status which also tended to decrease in sub-surface soils than the surface soils. The CaCl2 extractable S of the soil was deficient in 38% vineyard soils. The hot water soluble B and DTPA-Zn were deficient in 55 and 36% of the vineyards. The availability of Cu and Mn in the soils was in sufficient range in all the vineyards. The DTPA-Fe was 80% deficient. The N, P and K contents in the petiole of grapes wer almost in sufficient level, inspite of the low status of N in soil. Higher N, B, Cu, Fe and Mn contents were recorded in leaf blade than the petiole, whereas P, K, Ca, Mg, Na, S and Zn contents were found to be higher in leaf petioles than the leaf blade. Magnesium was deficient in 21% vineyards. Eventhough S and B deficiency was observed in vineyard soils, the contents of S and B in petiole were found to be in the sufficient level in all the vineyards. The Mn content of the petiole was 49% deficient. Iron and Cu were found to be in sufficiency lelvel in the petiole in all the vineyards. The Cu content of petiole and leaf blade particularly the later indicated the hazardous effect of the fungicide spray since the actual values were very high.
21. P. S. SENTHIL KUMAR1 AND P. SAVITHRI [A nutritional appraisal of Muscat grape (Vitis vinifera L.) vineyards roundabout Coimbatore district in Tamil Nadu]. Crop Res. 26 (2) : 308-313 (2003). Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu-641 003 (T. N.), India.
ABSTRACT
A nutritional survey was undertaken in 47 vineyards around Coimbatore district in Tamil Nadu for their nutritional status, where the available P, K, Ca, Mg, DTPA-Zn and Fe contents were high in all the soils. The P and K content in the petiole was found to be adequate. The zinc status of vineyards around Coimbatore in this study was found to be deficient. Iron content was found to vary between 236.2 to 1172.4 mg kg-1 petioles. The N, K, Na, Cu and Mn contents in the leaf blades were lower in the high yielding category of vineyard groups, whereas the B, Zn and S contents were found to be higher. In the petiole the P, K, Na and Mn contents were found to lower in the high yielding category of vineyards than the low yielding ones, whereas N, S, B, Zn, Cu and Fe were found to be higher in the petioles of the high yielding category. Except P and Na all other nutrients were found to be more in the nutrient content in the leaf blades than the leaf petiole.
22. B. K. SENAPATI, P. K. SAHU AND G. SARKAR [Genetic divergence in chilli]. Crop Res. 26 (2) : 314-317 (2003). B. C. K. V. Regional Research Station, Coastal Saline Zone Kakdwip, 24 Parganas (South) (W. B.), India.
ABSTRACT
Genetic divergence using Mahalanobis’s D2 statistic was studied for 11 characters in a collection of 20 diverse chilli genotypes. Based on D2 values, the genotypes were clustered in six groups. Cluster I was largest with 13 genotypes, followed by clusters III and IV with two genotypes each. Clusters II, V and VI had single genotype each only. Cluster II showed maximum genetic distance from cluster VI, suggesting wide diversity between these groups. Four characters viz., fresh fruit weight, fruit girth, fruit length and fruit number per plant were the chief contributors towards genetic divergence.
23. MAHAK SINGH, LALLU, G. B. SWARNKAR, LALTA PRASAD AND R. K. DIXIT [Heterobeltiosis and inbreeding depression in Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern and Coss.]]. Crop Res. 26 (2) : 318-325 (2003). Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur-208 002 (U. P.), India.
ABSTRACT
Heterobeltiosis in Indian mustard for seed yield per plant was observed in eight crosses, namely, KR-5610 x PR-15 (58.38%), YRT-3 x PR-15 (54.33%), RK-1467 x T-6342 (52.60%), Varuna x YRT-3 (35.83%), KRV-Tall x T-6342 (33.81%), RLM-198 x RT-3 (34.10%), Varuna x RLM-198 (31.50%) and KR-5610 x KRV-Tall (36.70%). Inbreeding depression in all the above crosses was found to be very low i. e. 10.35, 8.31, 10.15,-16.54,-7.28,-20.05,-12.56 and -8.08%, respectively. In general, hybrids showed a wide range of heterotic effects for each character. It was further revealed that in F2 generation most of the high heterotic cross combinations for different characters showed low inbreeding depression. This may be due to that the most part of heterobeltiosis was accounted for dominance and dominance x dominance type of epistatic interactions and less for additive x dominance type of gene effect.
24. SATWINDER K. DHILLON, G. S. SANDHA, S. S. BANGA AND K. L. AHUJA [Oil and fatty acid composition of some monosomic and disomic addition lines of B. campestris L. var. toria]. Crop Res. 26 (2) : 326-330 (2003). Department of Plant Breeding Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141 004, India.
ABSTRACT
Brassica campestris L. var. toria is an important oilseed crop. The indigeneous toria cultivars contain high amounts of undesirable fatty acids like erucic acid and linolenic acid in the oil. A number of monosomic and disomic addition lines of B. campestris carried ‘B’ and ‘C’ genome. Chromosomes were screened for their fatty acid composition. The monosomic and disomic addition of ‘B’ and ‘C’ genome chromosomes resulted in significant changes in oil content and fatty acid composition. In ‘C’ genome addition plants the oil content varied from 34.4 to 46.3% for monosomic addition plants, while in disomic addition plants it ranged from 30.3 to 46.6%. In ‘B’ genome addition lines, it varied from 30.0 to 47.3% in monosomic addition plants and from 30.0 to 43.3% for disomic addition plants. In ‘C’ genome disomic addition plants, substantially higher values were observed for oleic and linoleic acids which can be of special significance to the plant breeders and nutritionists.
25. AYYANGOUDA PATIL, S. T. KAJJIDONI AND P. M. SALIMATH [Physiological basis of heterosis in mungbean]. Crop Res. 26 (2) : 331-333 (2003). Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad-580 005 (Karnataka), India.
ABSTRACT
Twenty crosses of mungbean derived from two lines and 10 testers were evaluated to work out heterosis for seed yield and its associated physiological traits. The results indicated an appreciable amount of heterosis for most of the physiological attributes. The highest mean seed yield per plant was recorded by cross Selection-4 x TM 98-50 which was followed by Selection-4 x M-446 and Selection-4 x M-1 and the same crosses exhibited significant heterosis over better parent for seed yield. Simultaneous heterosis for seed yield associated with physiological traits like total dry matter (TDM), biomass duration from 45 days to harvest (BMD) and harvest index (HI) was noticed indicating the intimacy of seed yield with physiological traits particularly maintenance of high biomass from flowering to maturity and partitioning ability of photosynthates.
26. A. KUMAR, K. S. THAKUR, G. S. SETHI AND J. C. BHANDARI [Combining ability analysis for grain yield and some other morpho- physiological traits in winter x spring wheat hybrids]. Crop Res. 26 (2 : 334-338 (2003). Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062 (H. P.), India.
ABSTRACT
Combining ability analysis for grain yield and some other characters was done involving eight lines and three testers via line x tester technique. Non-additive type of gene action was higher than that of additive for days to 75% flowering and maturity, number of grains per spike, biological yield, grain yield per plant and harvest index. However, preponderance of additive type of gene action was observed for plant height, spike length, 1000-grain weight and protein content. Among lines WW 11 and WW 21 were found to be good general combiners for grain yield and also for some other traits. Cross combinations WW 1 x HPW 52, WW 2, x HPW 147, WW 6 x HPW 152 and WW 17 x HPW 147 were adjudged to be superior on the basis of sca effects.
27. P. C. KOLE, A. SAHA AND K. M. HASIB [D2 analysis in fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.)]. Crop Res. 26 (2) : 339-342 (2003). Department of Crop Improvement, Horticulture & Agricultural Botany Institute of Agriculture, Visva-Bharati, Sriniketan-731 236, India.
ABSTRACT
Grouping of 15 genotypes of fenugreek following D2 analysis resulted into formation of four different clusters showing considerable amount of genetic diversity among the genotypes. Genotypes collected from same geographical region were grouped into different clusters which might be due to human selection and/or genetic draft. Cluster-I had maximum number of nine genotypes, while cluster-IV was monogenotypic. The intra-cluster distance was maximum in cluster-III and the inter-cluster distance was maximum in between clusters-II and III. Pods/plant, straw yield, test weight, days from flowering to maturity and grains/pod contributed maximum towards the genetic divergence. On the basis of genetic divergence, relative contribution of characters in determining seed yield and per se performance of the genotypes, the following cross combinations RMT-143 x UM-301, UM-301x Local, UM-118 x Local, UM-302 x Local, UM-118 x UM-34, UM-302 x UM-32 and UM-304 x UM-118 are suggested.
28. V. V. PADMAJA, V. BALASUBRAMANIAN AND B. GOPAL SINGH [Physiological basis of yield improvement in rice-II]. Crop Res. 26 (2) : 343-348 (2003). Department of Plant Physiology College of Agriculture, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-30 (Andhra Pradesh), India.
ABSTRACT
Physiological characters of 10 rice varieties released during the last four decades of research in Andhra Pradesh were studied. The genotypes released during 1980’s and 1990’s recorded maximum values for LAI, LAR, LWR and SLW specially at flowering stage, thereby grain yield. However, the CGR, RGR and NAR at panicle initiation stage were significantly more in the varieties released during 1960’s but were in reverse trend during later stages of panicle development.
29. MUKESH DAHIYA, S. UPPAL AND ANITA R. SEHRAWAT [Influence of plant growth regulators on different genotypes for callus induction and plant regeneration from mature wheat embryos]. Crop Res. 26 (2) : 349-354 (2003). Department of Genetics CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125 004, India.
ABSTRACT
Embryos excised from mature seeds of five wheat genotypes viz., HD 2009, C 591, Kharchia 375, WH 147 and C 306 were cultured on MS medium supplemented with various concentrations of 2, 4-D; 2, 4, 5-T and NAA to develop an efficient method of callus formation. Significant interaction was found between genotypes, different growth regulators and their concentrations for callus induction and embryo germination. 2, 4, 5-T (3.0/5.0 mg/1), in order of effectiveness, was superior to 2, 4-D (3.0/5.0 mg/1) for callus induction in HD 2009 although the higher concentration of 2, 4-D/2, 4, 5-T (7.0 mg/1) gave 100% callusing. Abscisic acid (0.1, 1.0 and 2.0 mg/1) in the presence of NAA suppressed germination and promoted callus induction. Shoot regeneration percentage varied widely from cultivar to cultivar on regeneration medium consisting of IAA (0.5 mg/1) and BAP (1.0 mg/l). No special rooting medium was required. Regenerated plantlets were successfully transferred to pots under field conditions.
30. KANANBALA SARANGTHEM AND TH. NABAKUMAR SINGH [Efficacy of salicylic acid on growth, nitrogen metabolism and flowering of Phaseolus vulgaris]. Crop Res. 26 (2) : 355-360 (2003). Plant Physiology Research Laboratory Department of Life Sciences Manipur University-795 003 (Manipur), India.
ABSTRACT
Leaves of Phaseolus vulgaris were sprayed with salicylic acid (0.0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.25 and 0.5%, V/V) and its effect on growth of the plant, nitrate reductase activity, protein level and nitrogen contents were determined in fresh secondary leaves of different ages after germination. The effect of salicylic acid on the flowering of Phaseolus vulgaris was also studied. Under the optimum dose of treatment (0.1%, V/V), the level of protein, nitrate reductase activity and nitrogen contents increased.
31. A. K. HANDIQUE [Nutritive values of some non-conventional leafy vegetables from ethnic sources of north-east India]. Crop Res. 26 (2) : 361-364 (2003). Department of Biotechnology Gauhati University, Guwahati-781 014, India.
ABSTRACT
Biochemical analysis was made for major nutritional components of five herbaceous plant species viz., Amaranthus viridis, Boerhaavia diffusa, Alternanthera sessilis, Polygonum chinense and Ipomea aguatica; which occur in the wild and have been traditionally used by ethnic groups of north-east India since time immemorial. Crude protein content varied from 29.45 to 18.18% and carbohydrate content varied from 14.3 to 6.15%. Lipid content was low and varied from 6.0 to 4.16%. Total mineral in the form of ash varied from 16.87 to 11.8% which is remarkable.
32. P. S. SENTHIL KUMAR1 AND P. SAVITHRI [Characteristics of turmeric growing areas of the Coimbatore district in Tamil Nadu]. Crop Res. 26 (2) : 365-369 (2003). Department of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Tamil Nadu-641 003 (T. N.), India.
ABSTRACT
The chemical characterization of turmeric growing soils of Coimbatore district indicated that they were free from salinity and the pH tended to be above neutral range. The excess CaCO3 was also observed in these soils. About 78% of samples were strongly calcareous (> 5% free CaCO3), while 22% were weakly calcareous (< 5% free CaCO3 ). The alkaline KMnO4 was in the lower range, whereas P and K status was in medium to very high status. The S was deficient in 19% soils. Zinc, B and deficiencies were seen to an extent of 62, 51 and 30%, respectively. A significant negative correlation was observed between Zn, B and Fe with free CaCO3 content of soils.
33. SHATRUGHAN PRASAD1, R. S. DIXIT AND GOVIND SHARMA1 [Productivity of late-sown wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties as influenced by combined application of inorganic and organic sources of nitrogen]. Crop Res. 26 (2) : 370-373 (2003). Department of Agronomy Narendra Dev University of Agriculture & Technology, Kumarganj, Faizabad-224 229 (U. P.), India.
ABSTRACT
A field experiment was carried out during rabi season of 1998-99 at the Agronomy Research Farm of Narendra Dev University of Agriculture & Technology, Faizabad to evaluate the productivity of different wheat varieties with combined application of nitrogen through inorganic and organic sources under late-sown condition. The variety and nitrogen levels significantly influenced the productivity of wheat. The variety HUW 234 produced significantly higher grain yield and yield attributes over rest of the varieties and was at par with HD 2643, while combined application of 120 kg N ha-1 + 25% N through FYM significantly increased the grain, straw yield and harvest index over rest of the treatments.
34. A. K. DEY1 [Effect of phosphorus fertilization on quality parameters of soybean+maize intercropping system in the tarai soils of Uttaranchal]. Crop Res. 26 (2) : 374-377 (2003). Department of Agronomy G. B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar (Uttaranchal), India.
ABSTRACT
A field experiment was conducted during kharif 1999 at silty clay loam soil of Pantnagar consisting of 10 treatments. Application of phosphorus did not have any effect on oil content of soybean but crude protein content varied significantly. The maximum crude protein for soybean and maize was recorded at S+M @ 1 : 2 with 20 kg P ha-1 and S+M @ 1 : 1 with 0 kg P ha-1, respectively. The P content in soybean was much more than that of maize signifying the importance of the element for the crop; but the total removal of P was more in maize than that of soybean due to huge vegetative growth of the former. The uptake in the 1 : 2 system was much more than that of 1 : 1 system and the maximum value was recorded at 1 : 2 with 40 kg P ha-1.
35 . S. CHITRA, C. R. ANANDA KUMAR AND P. VIVEKANANDAN [Somatic embryogenesis from indica rice coleoptiles]. Crop Res. 26 (2) : 378-380 (2003). Department of Agricultural Botany, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Killikulam Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641 003 (Tamil Nadu), India.
ABSTRACT
Somatic embryogenesis of rice coleoptiles of eight ARC lines alongwith one japonica line. Rice coleoptiles were gone under aseptic condition on MS medium containing 2 mg 2, 4-D 1-1+0.5 mg kinetin. Sterile basal portion of coleoptile was inoculated for callus induction. Among the ARC lines, ARC 15759 and ARC 18214 had highest callus induction percentage.