Volume 25, Number 2 (March, 2003)
Titles of research papers/articles alongwith their abstracts.
For full text, please contact to Editor-in-chief at : md@cropresearch.org
1. B. S. KUMPAWAT AND S. S. RATHORE [Effect of preceding grain legumes on growth, yield, nutrient content and uptake by wheat (Triticum aestivum) under different nitrogen levels]. Crop Res. 25 (2) : 209-214 (2003). M. P. U. A. & T. Dryland Farming Research Station Arjia, Bhilwara-311 001 (Rajasthan), India.
ABSTRACT
A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of preceding grain legume crops viz., cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.], blackgram (Phaseolus mungo L.), greengram (Phaseolus radiatus L.), soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] with a rainy season fallow on the nitrogen requirement of succeeding wheat [Triticum aestivum (L.) emend. Fiori & Paol.] and their influence on growth and yield attributes, nutrient content and uptake. Grain and straw yield, plant height, number of effective tillers, grains per spike, grain weight per spike, nitrogen content in grain and straw, nitrogen and phosphorus uptake by grain and straw of wheat were maximum when grown after cowpea. Significant increase in plant height, effective tillers, grains per spike, grain weight per spike, grain and straw yield with nitrogen application upto 120 kg/ha, while 1000-grain weight decreased as the level of nitrogen increased. Nitrogen content and uptake by grain and straw increased significantly upto 160 kg N/ha,while phosphorus content and uptake only upto 120 kg N/ha. Cowpea-wheat cropping system gave maximum net return (Rs. 19746/ha) and benefit : cost ratio (2 : 20).
2. M. K. SINGH AND S. S. TRIPATHI [Study on chemical weed control in French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) under Tarai of Uttaranchal]. Crop Res. 25 (2) : 215-218 (2003). Department of Agronomy G. B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar-263 145 (Uttaranchal), India.
ABSTRACT
Field study conducted during kharif season of 1999 revealed that uncontrolled weed growth resulted in 70.1% reduction in grain yield against the keeping weed free throughout the season. Linuron at 1.0 kg ha-1being on par with weed free treatment provided higher yields. Pendimethalin at 1.0 kg, oxyfluorfen at 0.3 kg and fluchloralin at 1.0 kg ha-1 also produced significantly higher yields over weedy check. Increase in grain yield was mainly due to more number and weight of pods per plant and other yield contributing characters. Increase in seed yield with increasing rate of application of linuron and fenoxaprop was observed, however, oxyfluorfen, tralkoxydim and clodinafop reduced seed yield with their increasing rate of application.
3. S. S. MONDAL, SITANGSHU SARKAR, ARUP GHOSH AND J. DAS [Response of summer rice (Oryza sativa L.) to different organic and inorganic sources of nutrients]. Crop Res. 25 (2) : 219-222 (2003). Department of Agronomy Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur-741 252 (West Bengal), India.
ABSTRACT
A field experiment was conducted for two years during summer seasons (February-May) of 1997 and 1998 at Mondouri Teaching Farm (230 N, 890 E, 9.75 m AMSL) of Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur to study the effect of FYM and mustard cake alongwith inorganic fertilizers on the yield and yield components of transplanted rice (cv. IET 4094). The number of panicles/m2 and number of filled grains/panicle was highest (422.7 and 98.3, respectively) with 75% of the recommended dose of NPK (60 kg N+30 kg P2O5+30 kg K2O) alongwith FYM 4 t/ha. The maximum rice grain yield (6 t/ha) and the highest benefit : cost ratio (1.82) were also recorded at 75% of the recommended dose of NPK+FYM 4 t/ha. In all the treatments involving mustard cake, the yield was not satisfactory and due to higher cost of mustard cake, the benefit : cost ratio was also very low (0.20-1.16).
4. R. CHANDRASEKARAN, A. SOLAIMALAI AND K. SANKARANARAYANAN [Physiological parameters and yields of crops as influenced by mustard intercrop and nitrogen levels under rainfed condition]. Crop Res. 25 (2) : 223-228 (2003). T. N. A. U. Regional Research Station Campus, Vriddhachalam-606 001 (Tamil Nadu), India
ABSTRACT
Field experiments were conducted at Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore during rabi 1999 to study the impact of intercropping systems and nitrogen levels on physiological parameters and yields of component crops. Sole cropping of mustard recorded higher crop growth rate (CGR), relative growth rate (RGR), net assimilation rate (NAR) and seed yield than in Bengalgram and coriander intercropping systems. Application of 40 kg N ha-1 registered maximum physiological parameters and yield of mustard and coriander, whereas application of 20 kg N ha-1 was sufficient to get maximum physiological characters and yield of Bengalgram.
5. D. BERMUDEZ, A. LOPEZ-MALO, S. REYNA, M. A. QUIROZ*, M. A. ROSALES AND J. WELTI-CHANES [Comparative analysis of lead and cadmium contents in fresh and canned jalapeno chilli (Capsicum annuum L.)]. Crop Res. 25 (2) : 229-235 (2003). Department of Chemistry and Biology Universidad de las Américas-Puebla, Ex-Hda. de Santa Catarina Mártir, Cholula 72820, Puebla, Mexico *(e-mail : maquiroz@mail.udlap.mx).
ABSTRACT
Studies were made on the contamination by lead and cadmium in can packaged jalapeno chilli of seven different commercial brands and also fresh ones from four different regions of producers who are processing and storing the products. The concentrations of lead and cadmium detected in the fresh product varied between 0.07-0.16 mg/kg and between 0.004-0.023 mg/kg, respectively. For the processed products the variations were from 0.251-0.671 mg/kg lead and of 0.031-0.068 mg/kg cadmium, while in the vinegar contained in the processed product the concentration varied between 0.061 and 0.351 mg/kg for lead and between 0.030 and 0.056 mg/kg for Cd. These results suggest a high grade of the quality of fresh product than the processed materials which have some kind of contamination at some stages of processing. Although none of the products evaluated exceeds the limit permitted by the Mexican Official Norm (NOM-130-SSA1-1995), the FAO or the WHO norms for fresh and conserved food, the high consume of chilli in the daily Mexican diet may represent a risk for the health of consumers, particularly when consumed with other foods whose levels of lead and cadmium are tolerable, but not negligible.
6. HIRANMAI YADAV AND B. VIJAYAKUMARI [Influence of vermicompost with organic and inorganic manures on biometric and yield parameters of chilli [Capsicum annuum (L.) var. Plri]. Crop Res. 25 (2) : 236-243 (2003). Department of Botany Avinashilingam University, Coimbatore-641 043 (Tamil Nadu), India.
ABSTRACT
A pot culture experiment was undertaken to evaluate the effect of vermicompost singly and in combination with different organic manures (FYM, composted coir pith, composted press mud, composted sugarcane trash, biofertilizer, green manure and neem cake) and inorganic fertilizer on the biometric and yield parameters of chilli (Capsicum annuum L.). The biometric parameters varied significantly among the treatments. Vermicompost alone and admixed with FYM, green manure, neem cake and N : P : K were found to be effective in improving various biometric parameters. Better yield parameters were observed in vermicompost treatment.
7. P. HAZRA, R. GHOSH1 AND SUBHADEEP NATH [Identification of important yield components in pointed gourd (Trichosanthes dioica Roxb.)]. Crop Res. 25 (2) : 244-252 (2003). Department of Vegetable Crops Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia-741 252 (W. B.), India.
ABSTRACT
Sixty-eight diverse female clones of pointed gourd were grown to study 19 growth, morphological, yield and quality characters for unveiling their associationship through correlation and path analysis approach. Most of the character pairs showed negligible or insignificant correlation which might have resulted due to mutual balancing of characters owing to simultaneous vegetative and reproductive growth of this crop during long stay in the field. Only fruit number/plant had significant positive association with fruit yield/plant, whereas fruit weight showed highest positive direct effect on yield. However, from the overall study, most of the fruit characters, namely, fruit weight, pulp content of fruit, fruit number/plant, fruit volume and growth traits, namely, leaves/plant and leaf length emerged as the important yield contributors.
8. V. K. KIRAN KUMAR, H. V. NANJAPPA AND B. K. RAMACHANDRAPPA [Effect of soil solarization on yield, nutrient uptake and balance sheet of nutrients in tomato]. Crop Res. 25 (2) : 253-258 (2003). Department of Agronomy University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore-560 065 (Karnataka), India.
ABSTRACT
An investigation to study the influence of different soil solarization treatments on yield, nutrient uptake and balance sheet of nutrients was conducted at Main Research Station, Hebbal, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore during summer 1998. The data indicated that the lowest total weed dry weight was recorded with TPE 0.05 mm during April and March followed by TPE 0.1 mm for the same two months and was highest with the control treatments. In contrast to that, higher tomato yield was achieved with TPE 0.05 mm during April and March followed by TPE 0.1mm for the same two months and was the lowest with control. Nutrient uptake by the crop was the highest in the solarized plots particularly with the TPE 0.05 mm during April and March followed by thicker guage treatments, whereas uptake by the weeds was the highest in the non-solarized plots. Therefore, the actual balance of nutrients again was the highest in the solarized plots and the least in the control plots after the harvest of the crop and removal of the weeds.
9. V. K. KIRAN KUMAR, H. V. NANJAPPA AND B. K. RAMACHANDRAPPA [Effect of soil solarization for a period of one month during March, April and May on weed control and yield of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.)]. Crop Res. 25 (2) : 259-265 (2003). Department of Agronomy University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore-560 065 (Karnataka), India.
ABSTRACT
A field investigation was carried out at Hebbal, MRS, Bangalore, Karnataka on sandy loam soils during summer season of 1998 to study the effect of soil solarization on weed control and on yield of tomato. Higher mean maximum temperature was recorded with TPE 0.05 mm during April and March which were on par with each other. The least weed count and weed dry weight were with the treatments which recorded higher temperature. As a result, the weed control efficiency above 80% was maintained till harvest and the highest yield of 21.6 t ha-1 was obtained by TPE 0.05 mm during April. The effectiveness of soil solarization was in the order of TPE 0.05 mm > 0.1 mm and April = March > May.
10. L. ALIYU [Performance of some guna melon (Citrullus lanatus Thunb Mansf.) varieties at Samaru]. Crop Res. 25 (2) : 266-271 (2003). Department of Agronomy Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
ABSTRACT
Four guna melon varieties were evaluated in a randomised complete block design with six replications during the wet seasons of 1996 and 1997 at Samaru. Crop establishment, performance and fruit yield were better in 1997 than 1996. Variety GV2 was significantly superior to the other varieties in number of fruits/plant, number of seeds/plant and seed weight in both the years of study and fruit yield in 1997. Variety GV1 recorded significantly lower stand count in 1996 and number of leaves/plant in both the years compared with other varieties. Coefficient of variation ranged from 1.03 for vine length to 33.33 for number of fruits/plant. Characters that showed high level of variation included fruit diameter, days to 50% flowering and fruit yield.
11. L. ALIYU [Effect of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers on the chemical composition and uptake of mineral elements by pepper (Capsicum annuum L.)] Crop Res. 25 (2) : 272-279 (2003). Department of Agronomy Ahmadu Bello University, P. M. B. 1044, Zaria, Nigeria.
ABSTRACT
The chemical composition and uptake of nutrients by pepper as affected by five nitrogen levels (0, 80, 160, 240 and 320 kg N/ha) and three phosphorus levels (0, 22 and 44 kg P/ha) were studied. The concentration of nitrogen in both shoot and fruit as well as its uptake were significantly affected by nitrogen levels. The concentration of P was also affected throughout the period, while the concentration of K was influenced only at 8 WAT by the N levels. Concentration of N and P in both shoot and fruit and the uptake of P were enhanced with addition of P. Concentrations of Ca and Mg as well as the uptake of Mg and K were not significantly affected by levels of N and P. A significant interaction between N and P levels was observed on the uptake of N and Ca.
12. S. BABU, J. ANBUMALARMATHI, P. YOGAMEENAKSHI, A. SHEEBA AND P. RANGASAMY [Genetic divergence studies in rice (Oryza sativa L.)]. Crop Res. 25 (2) : 280-286 (2003). Department of Agricultural Botany Agricultural College & Research Institute, Madurai-625 104 (Tamil Nadu), India.
ABSTRACT
Genetic diversity among 33 rice varieties was worked out using Mahalanobis D2 statistics. Based on genetic distance, these varieties were grouped into 10 clusters. The cluster I was the largest containing seven genotypes followed by clusters II and III with six genotypes. Clusters VI, IX and X were unique and had only one genotype. High order of divergence recorded between clusters could be used as promising parents for hybridization to obtain high heterotic response and thus better segregants in rice.
13. S. BANUMATHY, K. THIYAGARAJAN AND P. VAIDYANATHAN [Study on magnitude of heterosis of rice hybrids for yield and its components]. Crop Res. 25 (2) : 287-293 (2003). Centre for Plant Breeding and Genetics Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-641 003 (Tamil Nadu), India.
ABSTRACT
The magnitude of relative heterosis, heterobeltiosis and standard heterosis of 100 rice hybrids was studied for grain yield and its related traits. The hybrid IR 69616A/IR 10198-66-2R registered maximum significant positive relative heterosis (205.29%) and heterobeltiosis (187.25%) for grain yield. Top yielding hybrids viz., IR 70364A/TNAU 80030, IR 70364A/IR 65515-47-2-1-19 and IR 58025A/TNAU 94301 exhibited significant standard heterosis over CORH 2 and ADTRH 1, while IR 69616A/TNAU 841434 and IR 58025A/IR 6551547-2-1-19 manifested significant standard heterosis over ADTRH 1. Most of the high yielding hybrids manifested positive heterosis for long panicles, filled grains and spikelet fertility. High standard heterosis for productive tillers and 100-grain weight also resulted in increased grain yield in some cross combinations.
14. A. SENTHIL RAJA, R. MOHAN BABU AND A. SAJEENA [Proline content in rice seedlings grown under saline stress conditions]. Crop Res. 25 (2) : 294-296 (2003). Department of Plant Breeding and Genetic Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai-625 104 (Tamil Nadu), India.
ABSTRACT
Proline, the signal amino acid, increases proportionately faster in plants under stress conditions and has been suggested as an environmental parameter for selecting stress tolerant varieties. Attempts were made to study the free proline content of rice seedlings grown under stress conditions. The salt tolerant rice cultivars CO 43 and TRY 1 and salt sensitive cultivars ADT 36 and White Ponni were subjected to salt stress in vitro by growing in Hoagland nutrient solution added with 50 mM of NaCl solution. The rice seedlings were analyzed for proline content on 7 and 21 days after treatment and expressed in mg/g of fresh leaf tissue. Results showed that the proline content was high at 7 and 21 days after treatment in salt sensitive cultivars ADT 36 (158.27 and 173.60 mg/g of fresh leaf tissue) and White Ponni (151.63 and 163.27 mg/g of fresh leaf tissue), while salt tolerant cultivars CO 43 (106.11 and 133.82 mg/g of fresh leaf tissue) and TRY 1 (96.98 and 115.83 mg/g of fresh leaf tissue), were comparatively less. However, in control plants without NaCl treatment a lesser proline content was recorded at 7 and 21 days in salt sensitive cultivars White Ponni (34.98 and 52.11 mg/g of fresh leaf tissue) and ADT 36 (40.87 and 59.64 mg/g of fresh leaf tissue). Similar results were recorded in salt tolerant cultivars CO 43 (61.10 and 73.70 mg/g of fresh leaf tissue) and TRY 1 (51.89 and 64.82 mg/g of fresh leaf tissue) when compared with stress treated plants with NaCl, respectively.
15. V. SRINIVASA REDDY, Y. CHANDRAMOHAN, N. V. RAO AND L. KRISHNA [Character association and path analysis in popcorn (Zea mays var. everta)]. Crop Res. 25 (2) : 297-300 (2003). Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding Acharya N. G. Ranga Agricultural University, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-500 030 (A. P.), India.
ABSTRACT
Thirty-four hybrids (24 hybrids, 6 lines and 4 testers) of popcorn were evaluated in a randomised block design for 12 characters. Correlation studies indicated that popping expansion was having positive significant correlation only with degree of popping. Further analysis revealed that degree of popping and lesser cob girth were the only criteria which could be used as a selection characteristic for improving popping expansion.
16. P. AMALA BALU1 AND R. RATHNASAMY [Inheritance of sterility mosaic disease resistance in pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.]. Crop Res. 25 (2) : 301-304 (2003). Seed Production Unit Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062 (H. P.), India.
ABSTRACT
The present study was made to find out the pattern of inheritance of the sterility mosaic resistance in pigeonpea. Four parents, their four hybrids and four F2 progenies were screened for sterility mosaic disease (SMD). It was concluded that the female parents MS Prabhat, DT and MS CO 5 were susceptible and ICPL 83024 and ICPL 83027 were resistant for SMD. The four hybrids were moderately resistant. In F2 progenies, the rating scale for SMD ranged from 3 to 9. The F2 generation of the four combinations fitted well with the segregating ratio 13 : 3 for susceptibility and resistance indicating that the resistance was being controlled by non-allelic interaction of two factors.
17. A. P. SINGH, U. P. SINGH, R. M. SINGH AND RAJNI RAINA [Relative efficiencies of four population improvement schemes in pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] Crop Res. 25 (2) : 305-311 (2003). Department of Genetics & Plant Breeding Institute of Agricultural Sciences Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi (U. P.), India.
ABSTRACT
Different population breeding approaches in pigeonpea were initiated with a base population, which was synthesized by mixing an equal quantity of seed of 12 F2 lines segregating for genetic male sterility. Four population improvement schemes followed in the present study were : (a) mass selection without gridding, (b) mass selection with gridding, (c) selfed progeny selection and (d) half-sib progeny selection. The study was aimed at estimating genotypic and phenotypic variance, heritability and genetic advance for some yield traits following different population improvement schemes. Observed and expected genetic gains over base population for seed yield per plant, following different approaches, were also compared. Among different selection schemes used, the maximum genetic variability was noticed in selfed progeny selection, while its magnitude was lowest in half-sib progeny selection. The estimates of heritability and genetic advance increased over the base population and the maximum genetic advance in percentage of mean was found in case of selfed progeny selection for most of the traits except for seed yield per plant which was maximum in mass selection with gridding. In all the selection schemes, the expected genetic gain was relatively greater than the observed genetic gain. The selfed progeny selection was the most effective method for increasing genetic gain on per cycle basis, but on per year basis, mass selection with gridding was most useful method.
18. N. N. ACHARYA AND D. SWAIN [Hybrid performance in relation togenetic divergence in Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss]. Crop Res. 25 (2) : 312-315 (2003). Department of Plant Breeding & Genetics Orissa University of Agriculture & Technology, Bhubaneswar-751 003 (Orissa), India.
ABSTRACT
Multivariate analysis of genetic divergence among 45 entries of Indian mustard comprising 36 F1s from a half-diallel set (9 x 9) and their nine parents led to their grouping into 10 clusters. Distribution of nine parents over five clusters and pattern of distribution of hybrids with respect to their parents across the clusters revealed presence of wide genetic diversity among parents and creation of substantial variation among crosses. The range of relative heterosis for seed yield was -17.9 to 38.3%. It appeared that heterosis was not a function of genetic divergence on an absolute scale. But parents from clusters separated by medium range of inter-cluster D2-values favoured the expression of heterosis for seed yield, pods/plant and seeds/pod.
19. K. P. SINGH, ASHWANI KUMAR AND P. K. SAREEN [Podding mutants of raya [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss] for higher oil content under dryland conditions]. Crop Res. 25 (2) : 316-318 (2003). Department of Genetics CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125 004, India.
ABSTRACT
The performance of two induced mutants viz., bunching and appressed pods of Brassica juncea cv. RH-30 was studied under dryland conditions. Mutant RH-30 M6-1 with bunching pods was dwarf, had more seed weight and oil content. The mutant with appressed pods was superior in respect of plant height, number of primary and secondary branches and seed yield though it was as good as parental stock in respect of oil content.
20. S. SARAVANAN AND N. NADARAJAN [Combining ability studies in sesame]. Crop Res. 25 (2) : 319-324 (2003). Department of Agricultural BotanyAgricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai (Tamil Nadu), India.
ABSTRACT
Combining ability studies on seed yield, yield components and oil content were conducted from an 8 x 8 half diallel cross of sesame. Additive genetic variance was of greater importance for days to 50% flowering, plant height, number of primary branches per plant, 1000-seed weight, oil content, photosynthetic rate, harvest index and phyllody incidence, while non-additive genetic variance played a major role for number of capsules per plant, number of seeds per capsule, leaf area index, chlorophyll content and single plant yield. The variety, Co 1 was best general combiner for seed yield and its major components. YLM 123 x AHT 123 emerged as best specific combiner for seed yield and its components.
21. S. SARAVANAN, N. NADARAJAN AND R. USHA KUMARI [Variability studies in sesame]. Crop Res. 25 (2) : 325-327 (2003). Department of Agricultural Botany Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai-625 104 (Tamil Nadu), India.
ABSTRACT
Genetic parameters were studied in 28 F1 populations in sesame. Among the traits studied, single plant yield, plant height, photosynthetic rate, leaf area index and harvest index had high heritability and genetic advance suggesting that improvement could be brought about by direct selection. Days to 50% flowering exhibited high heritability, but low genetic advance and hence selection for these traits must be taken up in advance generation.
22. B. VIJAYAKUMARI AND K. JANARDHANAN [Effect of biofertilizers on seed germination, seedling growth and biochemical changes in silk cotton [Ceiba pentandra (Linn.) Gaertn.]. Crop Res. 25 (2) : 328-332 (2003). Department of Botany Avinashilingam University, Coimbatore-641 043 (Tamil Nadu), India.
ABSTRACT
A pot culture experiment was conducted in red loamy soil at Avinashilingam University, Coimbatore to assess the effect of biofertilizers on seed germination and seedling growth of silk cotton. Soil inoculation using Azospirillum, phosphobacteria and vesicular arbuscular mycorrhiza (VAM) singly and in different combinations was tried. Germination percentage was recorded 30 days after sowing and biometric and biochemical changes such as chlorophylls, total soluble carbohydrates, reducing sugars, total free amino acids, buffer-soluble proteins and phenolics were recorded on 60, 90 and 120 days after sowing. The results indicated that combined inoculation of biofertilizers viz., Azospirillum+ phosphobacteria+VAM improved the investigated biometric as well as biochemical attributes.
23. DEEPALI PANDEY, J. P. SINGH, NAMITA KASHYAP AND G. K. DWIVEDI [Response of vasicular arbuscular mycorrhizae (VAM), rhizobium and phosphorus sources on nodulation, growth and yield of pea variety VL-7]. Crop Res. 25 (2) : 333-336 (2003). College of Forestry and Hill Agriculture G. B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar-263 145 (Uttaranchal), India.
ABSTRACT
The present investigation was carried out to study the response of vasicular arbuscular mycorrhizae (VAM), rhizobium and phosphorus sources i. e. single super phosphate (SSP) and Mussoorie rock phosphate (MRP) on nodulation, growth and yield of pea variety VL-7. Experiment comprising 10 treatments having phosphorus sources and biofertilizers either alone or in combinations was tested following randomized block design (RBD) with three replications in acidic soil (pH 5.0 and P fixation capacity 54.8%) under rainfed cool humid temperate conditions. The results revealed that phosphate sources (SSP and MRP) and biofertilizers individually or in combinations significantly increased the nodulation, growth and yield parameters of the crop. Among the treatments, the combinations of dual inoculation viz., vasicular arbuscular mycorrhizae (VAM)+rhizobium with mixture of phosphorus sources i. e. SSP : MRP (50 : 50) was found to be best and recorded the maximum nodulation, growth and yield.
24. C. M. TIPPANNAVAR, J. H. KULKARNI AND RAMACHANDRA REDDY [Toxicity of wheat seed diffusates on the growth of seed-borne Azotobacter chroococcum isolates*]. Crop Res. 25 (2) : 337-340 (2003). Department of Agricultural Microbiology University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad-580 005, India.
ABSTRACT
In vitro studies of wheat seed diffusates of T. durum L. and T. aestivum L. genotypes towards seed-borne Azotobacter chroococcum isolates indicated that the zone of inhibition of A. chroococcum varied significantly among the isolates. The highest zone of inhibition among the isolates was observed with the isolate SI-2 (17.0 mm) and IARI-A41 (16.8 mm) by Bijga yellow, whereas the least zone of inhibition was noticed in isolate SI-6 (3.0 mm) and SI-4 (5.1 mm) with Raj-1555 (T. durum L.).
25. 25. J. RAMA RAO, B. RAMESH BABU AND P. V. KRISHNAYYA [Correlation of weather parameters with the insect-pests incidence on cauliflower]. Crop Res. 25 (2) : 341-346 (2003). Department of Entomology Agricultural College, Bapatla-522 101 (A. P.), India.
ABSTRACT
Studies on correlation of weather parameters with the insect-pests incidence on cauliflower variety MM-9 revealed that Spodoptera litura and Plutella xylostella larval populations were in significant negative correlation with maximum and minimum temperatures, while those of Crocidolomia binotalis and Brevicoryne brassicae were in significant positive correlation with evening relative humidity and minimum temperature, respectively during first crop (20 Nov. 1995 to 21 Jan. 1996). Whereas the lipidopteran pests were significantly in negative correlation with the minimum temperatures during the second crop (23 Oct. to 31 Dec. 1997) and were significantly in positive correlation with the evening relative humidity during third crop (17 Jan. to 27 Mar. 1998). The aphids were significantly in negative correlation with maximum temperature during the second crop, whereas in positive correlation with the evening relative humidity during the third crop.A greenhouse study investigated the response of growth and water relations of seedlings of Arizon
26. R. MOHAN BABU, K. SEETHARAMAN, E. G. EBENEZAR AND A. SAJEENA [Evaluation of talc based product of Trichoderma viride (TNAU) commercial formulation in problem soils for the control of blackgram root rot, Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi.) Goid]. Crop Res. 25 (2) : 347-354 (2003). Department of Plant Pathology, Centre for Plant Protection Studies Agricultural College and Research Institute, Madurai-625 104 (Tamil Nadu) India.
ABSTRACT
Trichoderma viride Pers. ex. S. F. Gray was tested in vitro for its efficacy in the problem soils viz., sandy, black hard pan, saline, sodic, alkaline, red crusted soil, acid soil and normal soil in suppressing the growth of blackgram root rot pathogen, Macrophomina phaseolina (Tassi.) Goid. Blackgram (cv. CO 5) plants were raised in pots in the above mentioned problem soils in four sets of treatments. The biocontrol efficacy of T. viride was more effective (80.6 mm) in acid soils in inhibiting the mycelial growth of M. phaseolina. Application of T. viride as (TNAU) commercial formulation as seed treatment was the maximum 60 DAI in acid soil which showed the minimum (12%) root rot incidence. The biometric observations on 30 and 60 DAS, maximum shoot length (45.6 and 69.4 cm) and root length (18.6 and 25.6 cm) were observed in acid soil. In seeds treated with T. viride (TNAU) commercial plus pathogen inoculation, the minimum (22%) disease incidence was observed in acid soil 60 DAI, while the shoot length (42.9 and 62.6 cm) and root length (16.9 and 23.4 cm) were recorded at 30 and 60 DAS in acid soil as compared to uninoculated control and inoculated control. In uninoculated control, the root rot incidence was 26%, shoot length (43.5 and 65.3 cm) and root length (17.4 and 24.2 cm), while in inoculated control, the root rot incidence was 82%, shoot length (39.0 and 60.0 cm) and root length (15.1 and 22.1 cm), respectively, as compared to other problem soils. Survival of Trichoderma population was maximum 30 DAS (59 x 104 cfu g-1 oven dry soil, 9.68 g-1 soil) in acid soil with reduced (9.68 g-1 of soil) sclerotial population of M. phaseolina.
27. APURBA K. CHOWDHURY [Control of sclerotium blight of groundnut by plant growth substances]. Crop Res. 25 (2) : 355-359 (2003). Department of Plant Pathology Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, CoochBehar (W. B.), India.
ABSTRACT
When susceptible groundnut seeds (cv. J-II) were given pre-sowing treatment for 24 h in a range of 10-4 to 10-7 M of dilute solutions of four growth regulating chemicals viz., indole-acetic acid, cycocel, 2, 4-dichloroacetic, 2,4,5-trichloroacetic acid and pot grown 2-week old plants were inoculated with Sclerotium rolfsii, the first three chemicals substantially (62-65%) inhibited disease symptoms and reduced plant mortality considerably as compared to the control. 2,4-D recorded milder effects. Biochemical studies in the effective treatments showed that appreciable increase in total phenol, o-dihydroxy phenol, calcium contents and also in polyphenoloxidase activity but reductions in pectolytic enzyme activity as compared to the untreated plants.
28. HARSIMRAT K. BONS AND S. S. DHAWAN [Effect of preserved guava pulp on the quality of ready-to-serve beverage]. Crop Res. 25 (2) : 360-363 (2003). Centre of Food Science and Technology CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125 004, India.
ABSTRACT
Guava pulp was preserved in food grade plastic jars by addition of potassium metabisulphite and potassium sorbate @ 0.07 and 0.1% either alone or in combination with heating. The treated pulp was stored at three different temperatures i. e. room temperature (15-25°C), low temperature (2-5°C) and freezing temperature (-18 to -20°C). After three months of storage, the pulp from the best treatments was selected and utilized for the preparation of ready-to-serve beverage containing 15% pulp, 14% TSS, 0.28% acidity and 0.05% carboxymethyl cellulose. Guava RTS beverage prepared from pulp treated with KMS 0.07% and stored at freezing temperature obtained maximum scores followed by pulp with KMS 0.1% stored at low temperature.
29. HARSIMRAT K. BONS AND S. S. DHAWAN [Evaluation of methods for preparation of guava juice concentrate]. Crop Res. 25 (2) : 364-368 (2003). Centre of Food Science and Technology CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125 004, India.
ABSTRACT
Guava juice concentrate was prepared from enzyme extracted clarified juice by treating the crushed fruit pulp with pectinase enzyme @ 0.1% for 16 h. It was observed that guava juice concentrate prepared by vacuum concentration method was found superior to open pan method in terms of maximum total sugars retention of ascorbic acid and minimum tannin and browning. There was an increase in total sugars and non-enzymatic browning and decrease in total acidity ascorbic acid and total tannin content during storage was observed.
30. R. K. MAITI*, E. S. ARREOLA, R. B. O. ERIC, M. R. H. LUISE, H. C. MARIANA, R. V. G. VERÓNICA, F. A. M. EDUARDO, V. C. JORGE, M. V. M. CRISTINA, M. C. NOELIA AND L. S. AMANTINA [Ethnobotanical study of 17 medicinal plants in Puebla city and Cholula, Mexico]. Crop Res. 25 (2) : 369-374 (2003). Departamento de Química y Biología Universidad de las Américas, Puebla Santa Catarina Martir, Cholula, C. P. 72 820, Puebla, Mexico *(e-mail : rmaiti@mail.udlap.mix)
ABSTRACT
Traditionally in Mexico people have used medicinal plants to cure different diseases. This knowledge is being lost by the proliferation of people that does not know the correct use of different species, as well as the lack of written reports. With a group of students surveys were made in several markets in Puebla City and Cholula. Seventeen species were selected by their usefulness and separated by diseases they can treat.
31. MANISH KUMAR, SATISH KUMAR, R. C. SINGH AND V. S. KADIAN [Effect of sowing dates on nitrogen and phosphorus content, their uptake and protein content in chickpea genotypes] Crop Res. 25 (2) : 375-377 (2003). Department of Agronomy CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125 004, India.
ABSTRACT
N and P content of chickpea straw and seed was not influenced significantly due to sowing dates and genotypes, however, there was significant difference in their uptake. N and P uptake on October 20 and November 5 sowings being at par with each other removed higher N and P in seeds as compared to delayed sowings, however, the total N and P uptake was found higher in October 20 sowing. Genotypic variation in N and P uptake in seed and straw was observed.
32. R. KUMAR AND K. K. SINGH [Effect of salinity and boron in irrigation water on the properties of soil and fodder yield of bajra]. Crop Res. 25 (2) : 378-380 (2003). Project Directorate (Research) Agriculture & Soil Survey, Krishi Bhawan, Bikaner-334 001 (Raj.), India.: 375-377 (2003). Department of Agronomy CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar-125 004, India.
ABSTRACT
A pot experiment was conducted to study the effect of salinity and boron in irrigation water on the properties of soil and fodder yield of bajra. ECe and ESP in saturation extract of the soils increased significantly with an increase in ECiw from S1 (4 dSm-1) to S3 (12 dSm-1), while pH of soil decreased significantly with increasing level of Biw. The fodder yield decreased significantly with increasing levels of ECiw and Biw. The application of S2 and S3, and B4 and B5 waters decreased the fodder yield to the extent of 6.5 and 13.2, and 28.8 and 37.4%, respectively, as compared to S1 (4 dSm-1) and B1 (2 ppm).
33. G. P. PAINKRA, Y. K. YADU AND V. K. DUBEY [Effect of different insecticides and plant products on yield attributing characters of safflower (Carthamus tinctorius Linn.)]. Crop Res. 25 (2) : 381-383 (2003). Department of Entomology Indira Gandhi Krishi Vishwa Vidyalaya, Raipur- 492 006 (M. P.), India.
ABSTRACT
Among the nine insecticides and plant products tested for yield attributing characters, dimethoate (0.03%) treated plants produced significantly higher seed yield (1608 kg/ha) and gave net monetary return of Rs. 7380 followed by chlorpyriphos (1540 kg/ha) with net return of Rs. 6300. Neemazal was the least effective among tested insecticides. The maximum cost : benefit ratio was recorded in dimethoate (1 : 9.22) followed by chlorpyriphos (1 : 9.19), malathion dust (1 : 9.14) and methyl parathion dust (1 : 6.5).